月桂酸阳离子酯表面活性剂的合成及性能  

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTY OF LAURIC ACID ESTER QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALT CATIONIC SURFACTANT

作　　者：刘亚妮[1] 杨建洲[1] 曹鹤[1] 孟小华[1] 李学雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《精细石油化工》2009年第5期1-4,共4页Speciality Petrochemicals

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关资助项目(2007K07-08);陕西科技大学研究生创新基金

摘　　要：实验以十二叔胺与环氧氯丙烷合成环氧中间体N-2,3-环氧丙基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵,再与月桂酸反应制备了月桂酸阳离子酯表面活性剂2-羟基-3-十二酰氧丙基-二甲基十二烷基氯化铵(HDAC)。考察了反应条件对产物收率的影响,合成中间体的最佳条件为:反应温度25℃,n(环氧氯丙烷):n(十二叔胺)=1:1,时间约24 h。再用活性中间体与月桂酸在丙酮中以等物质的量比于60℃反应8 h得到柔软性能良好的HDAC,其水溶液的临界胶束浓度为0.85 mmol/L,表面张力为27.38 mN/m。N-（2,3-epoxypropyl） dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride （DCSA） was synthesized with dodecyl dimethylammonium （DTA） and epichlorohydrin （EPIC）, and then reacted with laurie acid to form cationic ester quaternary ammonium salt of lauric acid. The structure of the product was characterized by IR. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of DCSA were found as follows： temperature 25 ℃, n（DTA） ： n（EPIC）=1 ： 1 and reaction time 24 h. Then DCSA reacted with lauric acid for 8 hours with equal molar ratio of materials. The optimum temperature for this reaction was 60 ℃. The CMC and surface tension of the product was 0.85 mmol/L and 27.38 mN/m, respectively. The performance test showed that the product had good softening property.

关 键 词：阳离子表面活性剂 酯季铵盐 活性环氧中间体 N-2 3-环氧丙基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵 十二叔胺 环氧氯丙烷 

分 类 号：TQ423.121[化学工程]