江苏省盐城海岸带湿地景观格局变化研究  

Landscape Pattern Change of Yancheng Coastal Wetland in Jiangsu

作　　者：丁晶晶[1] 王磊[1] 季永华[1] 丁玉华[2] 李荣锦[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省林业科学研究院,江苏南京211153 [2]江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区,江苏盐城224136

出　　处：《湿地科学》2009年第3期202-207,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：全球环境基金/中国国家林业局/联合国开发计划署项目(CPR/98/G32);国家"十一五"科技支撑课题(2006BAD03A05);国家"十一五"科技支撑课题(2006BAD03A19);国家"十一五"科技支撑课题(2006BAD09A04)资助

摘　　要：江苏省盐城海岸带拥有丰富的湿地资源,在维护区域生态平衡和促进区域经济发展方面发挥着重要作用。选用1992年、2002年和2006年的TM影像为主要数据源,研究了3个时期江苏省盐城海岸带湿地的景观格局特征及其景观动态变化。结果表明,盐城海岸带湿地中的自然湿地面积在不断减少,与1992年相比,2006年,研究区自然湿地面积共减少了62.6%(50640hm2);其中,光滩面积共减少了90.2%(28515hm2),芦苇(Phragmites australis)地面积共减少了63.5%(16062hm2),碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)地面积共减少了62.9%(11820hm2)。与1992年相比,2002年,盐城海岸带湿地景观变化主要是光滩与鱼塘、光滩与米草(Spartinaspp.)地、芦苇地与鱼塘和碱蓬地与鱼塘之间的转换。与2002年相比,2006年,研究区景观变化主要是米草地与鱼塘、鱼塘与农田、碱蓬地与芦苇地之间的转换。江苏省盐城海岸带湿地景观变化最明显的区域为射阳河口—新洋港、斗龙港—川东港和川水港—老坝港三个区域。Three TM images obtained on 7 June 1992, 26 May 2002 and 20 May 2006 respectively were interpreted as basic information sources. The landscape pattern change of Yancheng coastal wetland in recent 15 years was analyzed. In 1992, there was an area of 80 918 ha for natural wetlands, including bare beach covered 31 604 ha, taking up 28.32% of total area of coastal wetlands; 22.65% Phragmites australis wetland, and 1.04% Imperata cylindrica wetland. As for artificial wetlands, the area of fish pools was 16 138 ha, which is 14.46% of total area of coastal wetlands; the farmland area was 10 293 ha; and the area of salt wetland was 3.82% of total area of coastal wetlands. In 2002, there was an area of 40 227 ha for natural wetlands, including Spartina wetland covered 13 989 ha, taking up 12.53% of total area of coastal wetlands; 8.48% Suaeda salsa wetland and 0.92% Imperata cylindrica wetland. As for artificial wetlands, the area of fish pools was 48 264 ha, 43.24% of total area of coastal wetlands; the farmland area was 18 540 ha; and the area of salt wetland was 4.11% of total area of coastal wetlands. In 2006, there was an area of 30 278 ha for natural wetland, including Phragmites australis wetland covered 9 217 ha, occupying 8.26% of total area of coastal wetlands ; 7.74% Spartina wetland and 0.77% Imperata cylindrica wetland. As for artificial wetlands, the area of fish pools was 53 717 ha, 48.13% of total area of coastal wetlands; the farmland area was 23 041 ha; and 4.11% salt wetland. There was a significant drop on the area of natural wetland and a rapid rise on the area of artificial wetland from 1992 to 2006. The area of bare beach shrank mostly in the patches, decreasing 28 515 ha during 15 years. The areas of Phragmites australis wetland and Suaeda salsa wetland showed the same trend. The reclamation resulted in area of natural wetland decrease and area of artificial wetlands increase. About 37 579 ha fish - pool and 12 748 ha farmland had been reclaimed during 15 years. Wetland landscape change occurred in

关 键 词：湿地 景观变化 盐城海岸带 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X83