石灰氮、芽灵和赤霉素对塑膜大棚葡萄破眠的调控效应  

Study on the Dormancy Breaking Effects of Several Chemicals on Grape in Plastic Greenhouse

作　　者：陈在新[1] 李晓明 江道菊[1] 潘娟[1] 徐程[1] 刘军 

机构地区：[1]长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]湖北省国营人民大垸农场,湖北监利433310 [3]湖北省荆州市金秋农业高新技术有限公司,湖北公安434302

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第29期14124-14125,共2页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]寻求适应塑膜大棚葡萄理想安全的催芽药剂。[方法]以欧美种群藤稔葡萄为试材,在塑膜大棚内,用石灰氮、芽灵和GA33种化学药剂对其进行催芽试验,采用新复极差法进行多重比较,研究不同化学药剂处理对大棚葡萄主要物候期(植株萌芽期、始花期和果实成熟期)、最终萌芽率和果实品质的影响。[结果]GA3处理可延迟大棚葡萄的物候期,降低果实品质;芽灵处理可提早物候期,提高植株萌芽率和固酸比;石灰氮处理可使物候期提前的幅度增大,植株萌芽率、果实单粒重和可溶性固形物有明显提高,果实有机酸含量显著降低,固酸比有极显著提高。[结论]石灰氮处理对大棚葡萄的物候期、萌芽率和果实品质均有积极增进作用,是理想安全的破眠药剂,其次是芽灵。[Objective] The research aimed to look after the ideal and safe germination accelerating medicaments that were adapted to the grapes in plastic greenhouse. [ Method ] With Fujiminori grapes of Europe and America populations as tested materials, the grape germination accelerating test was carried out in plastic greenhouse with 3 chemicals of Calcium cyanamide （ CaCN2 ） ,Yaling and GA3, the multiple comparison was conducted by using LSR method to study the effects of different chemical reagent treatments on main phenophase （ plant germination stage, initial time of flowering and fruit maturation period）, the final germination rate and fruit quality of grapes in greenhouse. [ Result] The phenophase of greenhouse grape could be delayed and the fruit quality reduced by GA3 treatment. The phenophase could be advanced, germination rate and ratio of TSS to TA could be improved by Yaling treatment. By CaCN2 treatment, the range of phenophase ahead could be increased, plant germination rate, fruit single grain weight and soluble solitls could be enhanced significantly, organic acid content of fruits dropped obviously, and ratio of TSS to TA improved evidently. [ Conclusion] The CaCN2 treatment had active promotion effect on all the phenophase, germination rate and fruit quality of greenhouse grape, it was an ideal and safe dormancy breaking medicament, and the next one was Yaling.

关 键 词：化学药剂 塑膜大棚 葡萄 催芽 安全性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]