辽宁省城市化发展对区域气温序列的影响研究  

Study on the Effect of Urbanization Development on Regional Temperature Sequence in Liaoning Province

作　　者：赵春雨[1] 任国玉[2] 王颖[1] 严晓瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳区域气候中心,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国气象局气候研究开放实验室国家气候中心,北京100081

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第29期14251-14254,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40575039);国家科技支撑项目课题(2007BAC03A01和2007BAC29B02)

摘　　要：利用1961～2006年辽宁省50个气象站的气温观测资料,分析了大中城市站、小城市站、国家基本/基准站和乡村站的气温变化趋势特点,重点研究了城市化对城镇站和国家站气温记录的影响程度和相对贡献比例。结果表明:近46年辽宁省所有台站的年平均气温、年平均最高气温、年平均最低气温都呈增温趋势,且平均最低气温的增温率远大于平均最高气温;增温率大小依次为:大中城市站>小城市站>国家基本/基准站>乡村站;城市热岛效应对气温的影响是显著的,尤其近20多年更加明显;由于热岛效应增强的影响,辽宁省各类城市站均存在不同程度的城市化影响。其中大中城市站、小城市站和国家站的年平均热岛增温分别为0.05℃/10a、0.03℃/10a和0.01℃/10a,其热岛增温贡献率分别为14.9%、5%和3.3%。此外,城市热岛增温还有明显的季节变化。Using a data set of monthly mean temperature of 50 stations, the surface air temperature change trends and the effect of urbanization development on mean surface air temperature records of towns and cities in Liaoning province during 1961 - 2006 were analyzed. On the basis of calculating air temperature change trends of towns and cities at national reference/baseline stations and rural stations, the extent and relative contribution proportion of urbanization effect were obtained by comparing the differences between the change trends of various station and rural stations. The results show that there were warming trends of mean, maximum and minimum temperature for each of the station, the warming rates in minimum temperature was higher than maximum temperature ; the warming rates were in sequence of big/middle cities stations 〉 small cities stations 〉 national reference/baseline stations 〉 rural stations; the effect urban heat island on air temperature was significantly, especially in recent twenty years. The urban warming rates of big/middle cities, small cities and national stations were estimated as 0.05 ℃/10 a, 0.03 ℃/10 a and 0. 01 ℃/10 a, respectively, and their contributions to overall annual mean temperature change were 14.9%, 5 % and 3.3%, respectively. In addition, there were obvious season changes in urban warming rates.

关 键 词：辽宁省 气温序列 城市热岛效应 气候变化 

分 类 号：D404[政治法律—政治学]