鄂尔多斯高原典型地区土地利用动态变化分析  

Analysis on Land Use Trend in Some Typical Regions in the Ordos Plateau

作　　者：成军锋[1] 贾宝全[2] 赵秀海[1] 陆佩玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2009年第3期354-360,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家林业局荒漠化监测项目

摘　　要：以鄂尔多斯高原的典型区域为研究对象,以GIS及RS为手段,利用解译的1985,1995,2000年和2004年的土地利用现状图,对该区域的土地利用动态变化特征进行分析。结果表明:草地是鄂尔多斯高原的唯一基质,草地和未利用土地的稳定性最高,达87%以上。土地利用最重要的转化方向有:一是耕地、未利用土地、林地向草地的转化;二是草地向水域、城乡工矿居民地的转化,还有城乡工矿居民地向未利用土地的转化,反映了鄂尔多斯高原既有退耕还林还草、积极治理沙漠的事实,又有毁林毁草开垦荒地的现实。耕地和未利用土地的减少以及林地和草地的增加,说明当地环境的改善已取得了成效。Land use/cover change （LUCC） is a key field in the globe change research. Thus, many researches on LUCC have been carried out in recent years. Farming-pasturing ecotone is a special ecological-fragile zone in China, especially in north China. The Ordos Plateau is located in a farming-pasturing ecotone in north China, so the research on LUCC is of significance in revealing the information of environment change. In this paper, the land use maps in 1985, 1995, 2000 and 2004 are interpreted from Landsat TM images and used to analyze the dynamics in some typical regions in the Ordos Plateau. The results show that the LUCC in the regions was obvious during these periods. Firstly, the only landscape matrix in the study area is grasslands with a vegetation coverage range of 69.29% -82.25%. Secondly, the stability of different land use types is different. The most stable types are grasslands and unused land, their stability is higher than 87%. The changing directions of land use types are as follows： the first one is the change from cropland, unused land and woodlands to grasslands, the second one is that from grasslands to waters and construction land, and the third one is that from construction land to unused land. In order to discuss the spatial and temporal stability of the different LUCC types, the transition probability method is used in this study. If 50% of a LUCC type can be maintained stable in spatiality at different time stages, it is considered that this LUCC type has a high stability. From this viewpoint, it is found that the stability of grasslands is the highest, and then that of unused land and construction land. Thirdly, the reduction of cropland and unused land with the increase of woodlands and grasslands reveals that the environment in the Ordos Plateau has been improved.

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯高原 农牧交错区 土地利用 动态变化 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]