用于液体肥料的堆肥浸提液提取工艺参数  

Technology of extraction of compost extracts to make liquid fertilizer

作　　者：徐大兵[1] 田亨达[1] 张丽[1] 徐阳春[1] 杨兴明[1] 沈其荣[1] 黄启为[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2009年第5期1189-1195,共7页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：农业部"948"项目(2006-G62);国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD10B09);科技部农业科技成果转化项目(2006GB23600454);农业部农业结构调整重大技术研究专项(06-07-04B)资助

摘　　要：堆肥浸提液是一种很好的液体肥料和生防剂。为了获得用于液体肥料的堆肥浸提液提取工艺参数,以腐熟猪粪堆肥为原料,采用正交试验研究了水和0.5 mol/L硫酸钾溶液为浸提剂,在好氧和厌氧条件下不同浸提比例(分别为1:10、1:8、1:6.67、1:5和1:4)和浸提时间(12～144 h)对堆肥浸提液中可提取的主要速效养分含量和可浸提主要成分提取率的影响。结果表明,用水作为提取剂时,最适工艺参数是通气良好、浸提比例1:5、提取时间72h;用0.5 mol/L硫酸钾溶液提取时,最适工艺参数是通气良好、浸提比例1:5、提取时间36 h。说明水和0.5 mol/L硫酸钾溶液作提取剂,在常温下采用合适的提取比例和提取时间都能获得较好的养分提取效果。Compost extracts is a good liquid fertilizer and bio-control agents,in order to obtain the extraction process parameters of compost extracts to make liquid fertilizer, 0.5 mol/L potassium sulfate and water （as control） were used to extract nutrient solutions from pig manure compost. The ratios of extracts to compost were designed as 1：10, 1：8, 1：6.67, 1：5 and 1：4, and the extracting time was set from 12 to 144 hours respectively under aerated and nonaerated conditions. Results show in terms of the compost extracts extracted with water, the optimum process parameters were 1：5 of extraction ratio, 72 hours of extraction under the aerated condition, while, those under aerated condition is 1：5 of extraction ratio and 36 hours of extraction for the compost extracts extracted with 0.5 mol/L potassium sulfate solution. We conclude that water and 0.5 mol/L potassium solution as extract reagents, using suitable extraction ratio and extracting time can get better effect of nutrient extraction at ambient temperature.

关 键 词：堆肥 液体肥料 工艺 速效养分 可浸提主要成分提取率 

分 类 号：TQ440.6[化学工程—化学肥料工业]