基于SEBAL模型的别拉洪河流域典型生态系统蒸散量估算  

Estimation of Evapotranspiration for Typical Ecosystems in the Bielahong River Basin Based on SEBAL

作　　者：杜嘉[1,2] 张柏[1] 宋开山[1] 王宗明[1] 曾丽红[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《资源科学》2009年第10期1755-1763,共9页Resources Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(编号:KZCX3-SW-356);中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所知识创新工程领域前沿项目(编号:C08Y46)

摘　　要：蒸散发是水量平衡和能量平衡的重要环节,传统的计算方法只能以点为基础进行计算。为排除蒸散发空间变异特性的影响,在遥感技术的基础上,引入了基于地表能量平衡原理的SEBAL模型,对别拉洪河流域典型生态系统的日蒸散情况进行了计算模拟,获取了相关地面特征参数及日蒸散量,并根据地表实测温度和涡度相关系统测量的蒸散量对遥感估算结果进行了验证,验证结果表明2008年三期估算结果的地表温度误差分别为1.57K、0.72K、1.73K左右,2006年一期估算蒸散量的误差为12.86%,说明SEBAL模型的精度能够满足蒸散量遥感估算的要求。在此基础上,结合土地利用数据分析了研究区不同土地利用方式下的蒸散量分布情况。结果表明不同土地利用下的日蒸散量并不相同,其中水体和植被覆盖较好的地区的蒸散量较高,而没有灌溉措施的旱田的蒸散量较低。不同生态系统日蒸散量的空间分布不仅和灌溉条件有一定关系,而且也受气候条件的制约。Spatial knowledge of evapotranspiration （ET） from land surface is of prime interest for agricultural and environmental applications, such as optimizing irrigation water supply. An increasing water demand implies that irrigation can be sustainable only through improving water use efficiency and refining our practices for water resource utilization, which, in turn, can benefit socioeconomic development and environmental protection. Significant improvements in irrigation water efficiency are possible at farm and irrigation system levels though improving our understanding of land surface processes and utilizing traditional and advanced techniques and a better weather forecast. Remote sensing techniques provide us with an opportunity to capture components of water balance, e.g. spatially distributed actual evapotranspiration （aET） from remotely sensed information on visible, near infrared and thermal wavebands.. In this paper, we utilized the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land （SEBAL） to estimate daily evapotranspiration over the Bielahong River Basin. Estimates of land surface temperature and evapotranspiration were validated against measurements of surface temperature and daily evapotranspiration from an eddy covariance technique. Errors for land surface temperature estimates on 15 May, 16 June, 11 July in the year 2008 were 1.57 K, 0.73 K, 1.73 K, respectively. The error for evapotranspiration estimate on 30 August in the year 2006 was 12.86 %. Results indicated that in general, SEBAL can produce actual evapotranspiration with acceptable accuracy from satellite remote sensing. The spatial distributions of evapotranspiration estimates for different land covers were investigated and analyzed. The results suggested that there existed a high heterogeneity in estimates of evapotranspiration across a wide range of land covers in the study area. Largest values of evapotranspiration were found over densely vegetated areas and water bodies. Lowest evapotranspiration values occurred over dry farmland, whic

关 键 词：蒸散 能量平衡 SEBAL模型 别拉洪河流域 TM影像 

分 类 号：P333.1[天文地球—水文科学]