集约化农区耕地资源多样性及其发展模式—以新疆生产建设兵团45团灌区为例  

Diversity and Development Pattern of Arable Land Resources over Intensively Agricultural Region

作　　者：郑重[1,2] 张凤荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]石河子大学农学院,石河子832003

出　　处：《资源科学》2009年第10期1800-1804,共5页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(编号:70673104);新疆兵团政策引导类项目资助(编号:2008YD22)

摘　　要：保护耕地资源生态多样性与提高耕地集约利用效益,对集约化农区耕地资源可持续发展具有重要意义。本文应用生态足迹方法,以新疆生产建设兵团45团灌区为例,对集约化条件下耕地资源生态多样性及其利用模式进行了分析。结果表明:1995年～2005年灌区耕地人均生态足迹呈逐年增加趋势,且与生态承载力基本协调;灌区耕地生态足迹的多样性指数呈现逐年下降的趋势,发展能力有待提高;耕地资源发展能力与多样性指数、GDP足迹三者之间关系达到极显著或显著水平。因此,积极稳妥的搞好集约化农区农业结构调整,走农林牧复合型农业发展模式,是促进耕地资源生态多样性、提高耕地资源集约利用效益的有效手段,最终建立资源节约型和环境友好型的耕地利用保障体系。It is very important for sustainable development of arable land resources to protect their diversity and to improve benefits of their intensive utilizations over intensively agricultural regions. In the present work, the authors investigated the ecological diversity and its utilization modes of arable land under the conditions of intensive utilization over Farm 45 irrigated areas of the Production and Construction Corps of Xinjiang, China, by means of the ecological footprint （EF）, ecological capacity （EC）, ecological deficit （ED）, diversity index （DI） and development capacity （DC）. Meanwhile, a development mode for arable land resources over intensively agricultural regions was put forward. Results indicated that the ecological footprint of arable land per capita gradually increased from 1995 to 2005, and it was shown to be consistent with ecological capacity per capita. Although an increase in ecological footprints per 104 yuan RMB （GDP） was suitable for the growth of regional consumption power, an evident trend in single land use way was not suitable for utilization and protection of land resources in the future. A decrease in ecological footprint diversity index of arable land indicated a decline in development capacity. The relationships among development capacity, diversity index and ecological footprint per 104 yuan RMB （GDP） were apparently shown. Therefore, it would be effective ways for actively increasing ecological footprint diversity and steadily improving the benefits of intensive utilization of arable land resources to promote structural adjustment of agriculture and to implement a kind of agricultural development mode integrating eagro-sylvo-pastoral developments over intensively agricultural regions. A circular agricultural development pattern though the improvement in agricultural product quality, the amelioration of ectopic agriculture and the reuse of waste resources was given. A security system for utilization of arable land resources in an energy-conservative and

关 键 词：生态足迹 多样性 发展模式 耕地资源 集约化农区 新疆生产建设兵团 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济] S23[农业科学—农业机械化工程]