分散型催化剂催化重油胶质的水热裂解反应  

Aqua-Thermolysis of Resins from Heavy Oil Catalyzed by Dispersed Catalysts

作　　者：易玉峰[1] 李术元[1] 丁福臣[1,2] 申锴[2] 李桃[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)化工学院,北京102249 [2]北京石油化工学院化工系,北京102617

出　　处：《石油化工》2009年第10期1065-1070,共6页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40472061)

摘　　要：从辽河重油中分离出胶质,对比了胶质在无催化剂、水溶性催化剂(NiSO_4和FeSO_4)和油溶性催化剂(环烷酸镍和环烷酸铁)作用下的水热裂解反应结果;采用元素分析、蒸气压渗透法和核磁共振等方法对水热裂解反应前后胶质的性质进行了表征。实验结果表明,胶质转化率的大小顺序为:环烷酸铁>环烷酸镍>FeSO_4>NiSO_4>无催化剂,油溶性催化剂的性能好于水溶性催化剂;加入催化剂促进了裂解气中H_2和CO的生成,使H_2S生成量减少;随反应温度的升高,胶质转化率增大,反应60 h后胶质的转化基本完成。表征结果显示,水热裂解反应后,胶质的相对分子质量增大,胶质发生了缩聚。Resins were separated from Liaohe heavy oil. Catalytic aqua-thermolysis of the resins were investigated using water soluble catalysts （NiSO4 and FeSO4 ） and oil soluble catalysts （nickel naphthenate and iron naphthenate）. The properties of resins before and after aqua-thermolysis were characterized by means of elemental analysis, vapour pressure osmometry,13C NMR and 1H NMR. Activities of the catalysts in aqua-thermolysis of the resins were in the order of： iron naphthenate 〉 nickel naphthenate 〉 FeSO4 〉 NiSO4 〉 without catalyst. In presence of catalysts, amount of H2 and CO in the gaseous product increased, while H2S amount decreased. Reaction temperature was a key factor affecting conversion of the resins. The conversion was completed after 60 h. Relative molecular mass of the resins increased after the reaction. From the results of structural parameters and relative molecular mass, it was found that part of resins appeared as condensation product after aqua-thermolysis.

关 键 词：重油 胶质 水热裂解反应 环烷酸镍 环烷酸铁 分散型催化剂 

分 类 号：TE622.1[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]