1992-2008年沈阳市居民死亡率及其时间趋势分析  

Analysis of Death Causes and Time Trend of Urban Residents in Shenyang during 1992 to 2008

作　　者：符文华[1] 李恂[1] 白杉[1] 汪峰[1] 张吉慧[2] 苏孟[2] 吕艺[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳市疾病预防控制中心业务办公室,辽宁沈阳110031 [2]沈阳预防医学研究所,辽宁沈阳110031

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2009年第5期466-469,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解沈阳市居民的死亡水平、死因模式以及死亡率的变化趋势,为积极有效开展疾病防制措施、延长寿命提供科学依据。方法利用1992—2008年沈阳市居民死因监测资料,分析死因构成、死亡率及其变化趋势。结果1992—2008年沈阳市居民年均粗死亡率662.4/10万,标化死亡率为615.7/10万,粗死亡率呈逐年上升趋势,标化死亡率呈下降趋势,年度变化百分比分别为1.8%和2%,标化死亡率男性高于女性。前5位的主要死因依次为恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、糖尿病,占总死亡的83.7%。标化死亡率呈下降趋势的是脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、传染病、妊娠,分娩和产褥期并发症、精神障碍、肌肉骨骼和结缔组织疾病(P<0.05),呈上升趋势的是损伤与中毒和其他疾病(P<0.05)。结论慢性非传染性疾病是危害该市居民健康的主要死因,并且人口老龄化程度和损伤与中毒死亡有明显上升趋势,因此加强预防和控制慢性病是当务之急,同时建议关注人口老龄化问题并应尽快把伤害纳入疾病预防控制规划。Objective To find out the main death causes, regular pattern of death and time trend of mortality rate in the urban residents from 1992 to 2008. Methods Data from the Death Cause Surveillance in Shenyan during 1992 to 2008 was used to analyze the proportion of death cause, mortality rates and its changing trend. Results The mortality rate of residents was 662.4/105, the standardized mortality rate was 615.7/105, and presented the trend of crude death rate （CDR） increasing and standardized mortality rate decreasing, resulted in 1.8% for CDR and 2% for standardized mortality rate; the time trend was statistically significant; The standardized one in male was higher than in female. The first five kinds of death causes were malignant neoplasm, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, diseases of respiratory system and diabetes, which accounted for 83.7% of all causes; Decreasing rates were observed for Infectious disease, malignant neoplasm, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, diseases of respiratory system, diseases of the digestive system, disease of pregnancy and parturition, disease of muscle and bones, and disease of the nervous system. The increasing rates included injury and poisoning, diabetes among both men and women. The changes of above mortality rates over time were statistically significant （P〈0.05 or P〈0. 1）. Conclusion The proportion of non-communicable disease was highest in total death; it was the main death causes that endanger the health of urban residents of the city, and age and mortality rate of injury and poisoning were increasing. So it is urgent to strengthen the prevention and control on non-communicable disease. The government should be paid more attention to elder, and bring injure into the disease control and prevention planning as soon as possible.

关 键 词：死亡率 死因构成 时间趋势 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]