TNT作业工人B超、心电图和血压改变的探讨  

DISCUSSIONS OF THE CHANGES OF B-TYPE ULTRASONIC SCAN,ELECTROCARDIOGRAM AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN TNT OPERATING WORKERS

作　　者：李惠萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第20期3839-3840,3849,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]探讨车间空气中TNT浓度在1.0mg/m3以下时对作业工人肝胆脾、心脏和血压的危害。[方法]对385名接触TNT的作业工人和不接触任何毒物的职工127名进行肝胆脾B超、心电图和血压检查。[结果]肝胆脾B超阳性率TNT组为31.95%,高于对照组的11.02%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。肝主要以肿大为主,其次为脂肪肝。肝肿大主要是左肝长径、厚径和右肝斜径增大,脾肿大主要是肋间厚径;肝脾肿大TNT组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。心电图异常率TNT组为27.27%,高于对照组11.81%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。心电图异常类型以窦性心动过缓、过速和不齐为主。血压的改变两组间差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05),但低血压与工龄不同组间差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。[结论]低浓度接触TNT的作业工人可导致肝胆脾患病率增加、心电图异常率增加以及低血压的改变。[ Objective] To discuss the harmful effects of workshop mr to operating workers livers, gallbladders. spleens, hearts and blood pressure when its contained TNT density is less than 1.0mg/m3. [ Methods] 385 operating worke exposed to TNT and 127 workers with no contact of any poison were selected to have their livers, gallbladders, and spleens examined by B-type ultrasonic scan, electrocardiogram and the blood pressure inspection. [Results] According to the B-type ultrasonic examination on workers＇ livers, gallbladders, and spleens, the positive rate of TNT group was 31.95%, which was higher by 11.02% than the control group. This difference had statistic significance （P 〈 0.01）. Hepatomegaly had the major manifestation, followed by the fatty liver disease. Mostly, the symptom of hepatomegaly manifested in the increasing size of the ong efered to and thick diameter of the left hver, and the oblique diameter of the right liver, whereas the splenomegaly mainly refered to the intercostal thick diameter. The comparative difference between the TNT group with hepatosplenomegaly and the control group had significant difference （P 〈 0.01）. Concerning the electrocardiogram rate of abnormality, TNT group was 27.27%, which was higher by 11.81% than control group, and this difference had significant difference （P 〈 0.01）. The main types of abnormal ECG were sinustachycardia, sinus bradvcardia and sinus arrhythmia. The difference of the change of blood pressure did not have significant difference （P 〉 0.05）, but the difference of hypotension and worke s working length had significant difference （P 0.01）. [Conclusion] Operating workers exposed to low concentration of TNT can increase the prevalence rate of liver, gallbladder, and spleen, can raise the ECG abnormality rate, and can change the hypotension.

关 键 词：TNT B超 心电图 血压 

分 类 号：R44[医药卫生—诊断学]