成都地区0～6岁儿童血铅水平变化趋势及相关危险因素分析  

CHANGE TREND AND CORRELATED RISK FACTOR ANALYSIS OF BLOOD LEAD LEVEL IN CHILDREN AGED 0-6 YEARS IN CHENGDU

作　　者：周伟[1] 江咏梅[1] 石华[1] 李佳圆[2] 柳晓琴[1] 于凡[1] 旷凌寒[1] 杨惠[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院检验科,成都610041 [2]四川大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第20期3868-3869,3872,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解成都市0～6岁儿童血铅水平、儿童高血铅的流行情况变化趋势以及影响儿童血铅水平的因素,为采取科学防治策略提供依据。[方法]通过问卷调查了解儿童基本生活信息,抽取儿童空腹静脉血用钨舟原子吸收光谱法检测血铅水平。将2007年与2004年结果比较分析。[结果]2004年成都市0～6岁儿童血铅平均水平为63.97μg/L,高血铅检出率为12.8%;住房临街、母乳喂养、几乎每天吃膨化食品是导致儿童高血铅水平的主要危险因素(P﹤0.01);2007年平均水平为63.88μg/L,高血铅检出率为8.2%,代乳食品、居住临街、底楼或者平房是导致高血铅水平的危险因素(P﹤0.05)。[结论]成都市属铅中毒中高度流行区,2007年高血铅检出率比2004年有所下降。血铅水平受居住环境、喂养方式以及饮食习惯等多种因素的影响。[Objective] To investigate the change trend of blood lead level and its related factors of children aged 0 to 6 years in Chengdu, and to provide scientific data for making prevention and control strategies. [Methods] The basic information of children were investigated by questionnaire investtgation. Vein blood samples for lead level were detected by atomic absorption spectrographic method. We compared the results in 2007 and 2004. [ Results] Results showed that mean blood lead level of children aged 0 to 6 years in Chengdu in 2004 was 63.97μg/L The detection rate of high blood lead level was 12.8%. Breast feeding, house beside the street and puffed food were the risk factors （P 〈 0.01 ）. Mean blood lead level of children aged 0 to 6 years in Chengdu in 2007 was 63.88μg/L The detection rate of high blood lead level was 8.2%. Substitute of breast milk, live at the base floor or one-storied house and house beside the street were the risk factors （P 〈 0.05）. [Conclusion] Chengdu is one of the moderate to high popular regions of lead poisoning. The detection rate of high blood lead level in 2007 was lower than that in 2004. The blood lead level is affected by inhabited environment, feeding patterns and eating habits.

关 键 词：铅中毒 儿童 危险因素 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]