南阳市2003～2007年麻疹流行病学特征分析  

ANALYSIS OF MEASLES EPIDEMIOLOGY IN NANYANG DISTRICT FROM 2003-2007

作　　者：史晓林[1] 茹志坚[1] 张锶赫[1] 史荣秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省南阳市疾病预防控制中心,南阳473003

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第20期3960-3962,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解南阳市麻疹发病特征、流行规律,制订防控对策。[方法]对南阳市2003～2007年确诊的2775例麻疹病例进行流行病学分析。[结果]2003～2007年累计确诊麻疹2775例,年发病率5.20/10万,发病最高年份是2007年,发病人数1169例,年发病率10.88/10万;全市麻疹发病呈高度散发和局部暴发并存的状态,以散发为主;2003～2007年3岁以下婴幼儿发病构成比呈上升趋势,6～10岁和﹥11岁儿童发病构成比呈下降趋势;无免疫史和免疫史不详病例比例较高,占总病例数的73.15%(2030/2775)。[结论]今后应加强基础免疫(fundamenta limmunity)和加强免疫(booster immunization),提高麻疹疫苗(measles vaccine)接种率(rate of vaccination),加强对流动人口管理,建议对给育龄妇女生育前进行麻疹疫苗加强免疫,以减少小月龄发病。[Objective ] To understand the characteristics and regularty of epidemic measles in Nanyang district and work out corresponding countermeasures. [ Methods] 2775 confirmed measles cases were analyzed by epidemiologic methods from 2003 to 2007. [ Results ] A total of 2775 cases were confirmed to be measles from 2003 to 2007, with the annual incidence of 52/1 000 000. The year of the highest incidence was 2007 with 1, 162 cases, and the annual incidence was 1 088/10 000 000. The measles prevalence showed to be high spreadout and local breakout, but spreadout was the major feature. In ilfis period, the incidence of measles of the children under three years showed a rising trend ; The incidence of measles of the children aged from 6 to 10 years and above 11 years showed a decreased trend. The proportion of the cases without immune history or clear immune history was relative high, amounted to 73.15% （2 030/2 775）. [Conclusion] In the future, fundamental and booster immunization should be strengthened and the rate of vaccination of measles vaccine should be enchanced. The management of transient population should be strengthened. The author suggests that booster immunization of measles vaccine should be conducted for women of child-bearing age before pregnant so as to avoid infant morhility of children.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行病学 确诊病例 监测 

分 类 号：R272.22[医药卫生—中医儿科学]