丽江市1983～2007年法定报告传染病流行趋势分析  

LIJIANG CITY'S THE OFFICIAL REPORT ON ANALYSIS OF PREVALENT TREND OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE FROM 1983 TO 2007

作　　者：张正飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南丽江市疾病预防控制中心,丽江674100

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第20期3963-3965,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]分析探讨丽江市1983～2007年法定报告传染病流行特征及变化趋势,为各级政府制定防制策略提供科学依据。[方法]收集全市历年传染病疫情报告资料,采用时间序列和自身对照,用描述流行病学的方法进行统计分析。[结果]1983～2007年全市传染病历年波动在143.98～3701.33/10万之间。20世纪80年代发病率总体呈直线下降趋势;各年代发病均以肠道传染病为主,也呈下降趋势,构成比由73.07%下降到41.78%,2000年以来传染病谱发生了明显的变化,血源及性传播疾病发病率明显上升,构成比占传染病发病总数的26.97%,呼吸道传染病虽然下降明显,但构成比变化不大。80年代居前5位的传染病为痢疾、麻疹、百日咳、病毒性肝炎、伤寒,90年代居前5位的传染病为痢疾、病毒性肝炎、伤寒、麻疹、淋病,2000年以后则演变为病毒性肝炎、痢疾、肺结核、淋病、麻疹。无论如何变化,痢疾、病毒性肝炎、麻疹3种疾病始终保持在前5位中。[结论]丽江市传染病自90年代以来发病率呈平稳态势。疾病谱虽然发生了明显的变化,血源及性传播疾病发病率明显上升,但是肠道传染病、呼吸道传染病仍然占较大比重,传染病控制仍然是当前重要的公共卫生任务,应适时调整防病策略,加大控制力度,有效降低传染病发病率。[Objective] To analysis and discuss the prevalent trend and features of infectious diseases of Lijiang from 1983 to 2007, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating proper precautious measurements for governments. [ Methods] The reporting data of infectious diseases in Lijiang were analyzed with description epidemiological methods, and time series and self-control methods. [Results] From 1983 to 2007, the infection rate was fluctuated at the range of 143.98-3701.33. The total infectious rate shows an sharply decreased trend in 1980s. During that years, the main infection disease was Gastro-intestinal diseases, and also showed downward trend. The proportion declined from 73.07% to 41.78%, and the infection spectrum showed obvious changes during these years. The blood and sexual transmitted diseases have increased greatly, and it accounted for 26.97% of the total infection diseases. Although the respiratory diseases declined obviously, but the proportion did not significantly changed. In the late 1980s, the top five infectious diseases were dysentery, measles, whooping cough and hepatitis. In 1990s, dysentery, measles, typhoid, viral hepatitis and gonorrhea became the top five infectious diseases. After 2000, dysentery, measles, viral hepatitis, gonorrhea and tuberculosis became main infectious trend. But. no matter what, dysentery, measles, and viral hepatitis were always top five diseases. [Conclusion ] Since 1990s, the infectious diseases in Lijiang showed smooth trend. Although the infectious diseases appeared significant changes, the blood and sexual transmitted diseases are obviously increased. Among the infectious diseases, Gastro-intestinal diseases and respiratory diseases are always on the top. Infectious diseases control is the important mandate of public health, we should adjust the diseases prevention strategy to decease the mobidity and control of infectious diseases.

关 键 词：传染病 流行特征 变化趋势 分析 

分 类 号：R181.22[医药卫生—流行病学]