爆、甜、糯玉米生育后期叶片光合特性的比较  

Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics of Leaves in Pop Corn, Sweet Corn, and Glutinous Corn during the Late Growing Period

作　　者：左振朋[1] 孙庆泉[1] 董鲁浩[1] 王婧[1] 马登超[2] 董树亭[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省济宁市农业科学研究院,山东济宁272131

出　　处：《作物学报》2009年第10期1930-1935,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家奖励基金(2005BS06010);山东省良种工程产业化项目(鲁农粮种字[2007]7号);作物生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(200704);山东农业大学青年科技创新基金资助

摘　　要：以爆裂玉米、甜玉米和糯玉米3种类型特用玉米为试材,系统比较研究了生育后期叶片光合特性在类型间和叶位间的差异。结果表明,玉米叶片的光合特性存在类型间差异,糯玉米叶片的光合特性明显优于爆裂玉米和甜玉米,叶片的光合速率(Pn)、叶绿素含量(Chl)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)均表现为糯玉米>甜玉米>爆裂玉米;3类玉米的光合特性存在叶位间差异,中部叶片光合速率表现为糯玉米>甜玉米和爆裂玉米,下部叶片光合速率的类型间差异不显著,上、中部叶片叶绿素含量表现为甜玉米>爆裂玉米>糯玉米;相关分析表明,叶绿素含量、蒸腾速率、气孔导度与光合速率显著或极显著正相关。总之,各类型玉米的上部和中部叶片光合特性都优于下部叶片,其中糯玉米上部和中部叶片的光合速率、光合速率高值持续期、叶绿素含量和蒸腾速率都大于甜玉米和爆裂玉米,甜玉米和爆裂玉米下部叶片光合性能的衰减在时间上早于糯玉米。The differences were studied among pop corn, sweet corn and glutinous cornin photosyntheticcharacteristics of leaves in different positions of the plants during the late growing period in the field conditions. The results showed thatdifferences of photosynthetic characteristics of leaves were superior for glutinous corn than for the sweet corn and pop corn. Moreover all the indices of photosynthesis rate （Pn）, content of chlorophyll （Chl）, transpiration rate （Tr） and stomatal conductance （Gs） were glutinous corn〉sweet corn〉pop corn. The photosynthesis rate of mid-leaves was glutinous corn〉sweet corn〉pop corn, whereas the difference of photosynthesis among lower leaves in plant was not significant. The chlorophyll content （Chl） of top and middle leaves was pop corn〉sweet corn〉glutinouscorn. Correlation analysis showed that it was significant at 5% or 1% probability levels in the different growing periods between Pn and Chl, Tr, Gs. At the same time, the photosynthetic characters of leaves in the top and middle positions of plant excelled those in the low leaves for all the three corn types. The Pn, Chl, duration for high Pn and Tr of glutinouscorn were superior to pop corn and sweet corn; attenuation time for leaf photosynthetic capability of pop corn and sweet corn was earlier than that for glutinous corn.

关 键 词：特用玉米 类型 叶片 叶位 光合生理特性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]