水稻纹枯病拮抗细菌的分离和筛选  

ISOLATION AND SCREEN OF ANTAGONISTIC BACTERLA AGAINST RICE SHEATH BLIGHT

作　　者：李华荣[1] 刘灼均[1] 肖崇刚 吴帮承 胡义文[1] 杨大旗[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南农业大学植物生态病理研究所

出　　处：《西南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》1998年第5期536-540,共5页Journal of Southwest Agricultural University

基　　金："九五"国家重大科技攻关计划资助

摘　　要：从水稻叶鞘、根系，玉米叶鞘和土壤中以及稻纹枯病菌菌核上分离到３６０株细胞，经平板抑菌初测得到５９株拮抗菌。其中，抑菌带宽０．５６～０．８４ｃｍ的７株中，除Ｂ１－２－１外，其它６个ＭＳＥ系列菌株均来自玉米叶鞘。分离材料不同，其拮抗细菌的分离率明显不同。即稻体最低（４．２５％），土壤纹枯病菌菌核最高（２３．８％），玉米居中（１６．３％）。在室内人工接种病菌条件下，测定其中４３个拮抗菌株对离体稻秆纹枯病的控制作用，筛选到防效在４８．４７％～９０．９５％的１３株。其中，ＭＳＥ１－７，ＰＢＲ－１，ＭＳ２－１，Ｌ１－３－１，Ｈ１－４，Ｌ１－５－３的防效均达８０％以上。对上述１３个菌株补加ＭＳＥ１－４，共１４个供试菌，接种病菌，对再生稻纹枯病防效为３２．００％～４７．７８％的５株（其中ＭＳＥ１－４为４７．７８％，Ｌ１－５－３为４０．４４％）。其中，ＭＳＥ１－４，ＭＳＥ１－７对稻苗地上部生长有一定的抑制效应，干重分别比对照降低６．８５％和１．３４％，但对根系有促生作用，根系干重分别比对照增加１０．２５％和２．８１％；Ｌ１－５－３，３′－７１和ＭＳ２－１对稻苗地上、下部生长均表现不同程度的促进作用。bacterial isolates were isolated from sheaths and roots of rice, sheaths of maize and Sderotia of the pathoger ( Rhizoctonia solani AG1 ⅠA) buried in soil, 59 isolates of which had antagonisms against R.Solani AG1 ⅠA on PDBA plates. The isolation rate of the antagonists varied greatly with isolating material, i.e.the isolation rate from rice plants was the lowest (account for 4.25%) from the sclerotia buried in soil was the highest (23.8%), and from maize sheaths was middle (16.3%). Under artificial inoculation of the pathoges on sheath and culm cut from paddy, biocontrol effects of 5 isolates (MSE 1 7 , PBR 1 , MS 2 1 , L 1 3 1 , H 1 4 and L 1 5 3 ) on sheath blight of the sheath and culm were over 80%. Biocontrol effects of MSE 1 4 and L 1 5 3 on sheath blight, induced by artificial inoculation, of regeneration rice plants in feld trial were 47.78% and 40.44% respeetively. Isolate MSE 1 4 could promote rice roots to grow, with an increase of root dry weight of 10.25%, whereas MSE 1 4 inhabited growth of rice shoots with a decrease of 6.85% in its dry weight. L 1 5 3 had a slight promotion for growth of roots and shoots of rice.

关 键 词：分离 筛选 拮抗细菌 水稻纹枯病 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]