城市道路网络的拓扑性质和脆弱性分析  

Topological Properties and Vulnerability Analysis of Spatial Urban Street Networks

作　　者：胡一竑[1] 吴勤旻[1] 朱道立[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学管理学院,上海200433 [2]上海物流研究院,上海200433

出　　处：《复杂系统与复杂性科学》2009年第3期69-76,共8页Complex Systems and Complexity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(70432001);复旦大学"金苗"项目(EYH1019016)

摘　　要：基于GIS技术和复杂网络理论,研究国内包括杭州、苏州在内的江浙4座城市的街道网络的复杂性。分析了街道网络的基本拓扑性质,如点度分布、路径长度分布、网络效率,发现这4个街道网络尽管规模、历史、经济各不相同,但性质非常相似。然后进行城市街道网络的脆弱性分析,通过比较随机和蓄意两种攻击策略,发现城市街道网络对随机攻击很稳健,而对基于点度和介数的选择性攻击策略很脆弱,说明点度和介数是很有用的,找到关键节点和预先防御的指标,这对城市应急管理、应急交通调度和导航都具有借鉴意义。Based on GIS and complex networks theory,this paper analyzes the complexity of urban street networks of four cities including Hangzhou and Suzhou. The basic topological characters, such as node degree distribution, path length distribution and network efficiency, of these urban street networks are analysized. It was found that the urban street networks display similar topological patterns, despite the apparent differences in terms of size, history, economy. The network vulnerability analysis is given. We show that urban street networks are vulnerable to selected attack but robust to random attack. Degree and betweeness measures are very useful in important nodes identification and crisis prevention. It is meaningful to city emergency mangement, traffic scheduling and navigation.

关 键 词：复杂网络 空间地理网络 GIS 

分 类 号：N94[自然科学总论—系统科学] U12[交通运输工程]