阿维菌素对广赤眼蜂(Trichogramma evanescens)不同发育阶段的毒性和实验种群动态的影响  

The toxicity of abamectin on different developmental stages of Trichogramma evanescens and effects on its population dynamics

作　　者：朱九生[1] 连梅力[2] 王静[1] 秦曙[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农药重点实验室,太原030031 [2]山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,太原030031

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第9期4738-4744,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2005-82)

摘　　要：研究了阿维菌素对广赤眼蜂不同发育阶段的毒性和实验种群动态的影响。结果表明,阿维菌素田间推荐剂量喷雾处理可显著降低米蛾卵内广赤眼蜂的羽化率;除卵期外,其它3种发育阶段经该药处理,羽化后的雌蜂寿命显著缩短,其中预蛹和蛹期处理雌蜂前翅畸形率高达43.3%～47.2%,影响程度随着其生长发育的进行呈增大趋势。根据药膜法剂量与效应测定结果,广赤眼蜂成蜂对阿维菌素比较敏感,LC50值为2.1991mg·L-1。温室盆栽试验表明,1.8%阿维菌素乳油对广赤眼蜂成蜂的持效期为10d,具有一定程度的残留毒性。广赤眼蜂的蛹经阿维菌素亚致死剂量LC35处理后,发育至成蜂,除羽化后的雌蜂产卵量显著减少外,雌蜂寿命、子代羽化率和子代性比与对照并无显著差异。生命表参数显示,LC35处理后的广赤眼蜂净增值率和世代平均历期明显地低于对照,但内禀增长率、周限增长率和种群倍增时间与对照差异不明显。可以认为阿维菌素亚致死剂量对广赤眼蜂的种群没有重要影响。The toxicity of abamectin on different developmental stages of Trichogramma evanescens and effects on its population dynamics were studied. The results showed that emergence rate of T. evanescens from Corcyra cephaloica S. eggs was significantly inhibited when parasitized host eggs were sprayed with abamectin at the field recommended concentration. Longevity of emerged female T. evanescens was reduced when treated with abamectin during in preimaginal stages with the exception of egg stage. Exposed to abamectin during prepupal and pupal stages could resulted in 43.3%--47.2% of female brachyptery, and high impact of abamectin on T. evanescens was observed with the parasitoid development. Based on the dose-response study, the LCso value was 2. 1991 mg-L-1 when adult was exposed to fresh dry insecticide film, which indicats that adult T. evanescens was susceptible to abamectin. Under conditions of greenhouse, effectiveness of abamectin lasted for 10d for adult Trichogramma evanescens, which demonstrates that the pesticide was classified as slightly persistent. Number of parasitized eggs per emerged female adult was significantly reduced when parasitized host eggs were sprayed with LC35 dose of abamectin at pupal stage. However, longevity of emerged female adult, F1 emergence ratio and F1 sex ratio were not affected significantly by the sub-lethal dosage treatment. Adult life table parameters indicated that net reproductive rate and mean generation time in LC35 treatment were obviously lower than those in the control, but intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase and doubling time were similar among LC35 treatment and the control. It was suggested that population dynamics of T. evanescens might not be affected significantly by sub-lethal dose of abamectin.

关 键 词：阿维菌素 广赤眼蜂 生物防治 副作用 持效期 种群动态 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]