近30年华南前汛期暴雨研究概述  

A Review of Studies on Torrential Rain During Pre-Summer Flood Season in South China Since the 1980's

作　　者：赵玉春[1] 王叶红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所,武汉430074

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2009年第3期193-202,228,共11页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所重点基金项目(K0704)资助

摘　　要：对近30年来华南前汛期暴雨研究进行了较为全面的回顾,主要介绍了华南前汛期暴雨发生时中高纬大气环流、副热带高压、南亚高压和副热带西风急流等大尺度环流背景,亚洲夏季风、南半球冷空气活动以及越赤道气流在华南暴雨中的作用,华南暴雨的天气系统及主要特点,华南和南海北部低空急流的形成机制及其与暴雨的关系和对暴雨的作用,引发华南暴雨的中尺度对流系统形成机理及其物理图像,地形、海陆差异及下垫面特性等对华南暴雨的影响,有利于华南暴雨发生的主要云微物理过程等。最后,根据前人的研究成果,总结出华南前汛期暴雨形成的多尺度物理过程和概念模型,并提出有待进一步加强研究的科学问题。A review is the study on torrential rain during pre-summer flood season in South China since the 1980＇s to mainly introduce the weather background, such as the large-scale circulation in mid-high latitudes, the subtropical high, the South Asia high and the subtropical westerly jet stream during the period of pre-summer flood season in South China, to point out the role of Asian summer monsoon, cold air activities from south hemisphere and cross-equatorial air flows, to present the main weather systems and their characteristics, the formation mechanism of the lower level jet （Lid） in South China and in the north part of South China sea, its relation with the heavy rain and its role to trigger off the heavy rain, to elucidate the formation mechanism and physic image of mesoscale convective systems triggering off the heavy rain, and the effects of topography, land-sea difference and underlaying surface on the torrential rain, and to introduce the main cloud microphysics during the torrential rain. Lastly, a multi-scale physical concept model about the torrential rain formation in South China is concluded based on above studies and scientific issues needed to be further studied are put forward.

关 键 词：华南暴雨 中尺度对流系统 越赤道气流 低空急流 地形 云微物理 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]