福建稻瘟菌群体遗传结构及其变异规律  

Population Genetic Structure and Its Variation of the Rice Blast Fungus in Fujian

作　　者：王宗华[1] 鲁国东[1] 赵志颖[1] 王宝华[1] 张学博[1] 谢联辉[1] 王艳丽[2] 袁筱萍[2] 沈瑛[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建农业大学植保系 [2]中国水稻研究所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1998年第5期7-12,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：福建省科委资助;福建省自然科学基金;美国洛氏基金

摘　　要：对１９７８～１９９５年采自福建省的７０个稻瘟菌菌株进行了ＭＧＲ５８６－ＥｃｏＲⅠＤＮＡ指纹分析，依据指纹相似性将供试菌株区分为２８个遗传谱系，其中ＦＪ－０１为分布广、毒性谱宽的优势谱系。通过时空特点分析，表明福建稻瘟菌群体空间组成有差异，但未形成明显的空间分化；而在时间上表现为年度内有变化，年度间演替显著。初步分析认为品种选择是影响稻瘟菌群体遗传结构变化的重要因素。The DNA fingerprinting with MGR586 EcoRⅠ,a dispersed sequence probe and restricted enzyme combination was conducted to 70 isolates of the rice blast fungus(Magnaporthe grisea Barr.) collected in 1978～1995 from Fujian Province,China. Based on the fingerprint similarity, 28 genetic lineages were distinguished, among which the lineage FJ 01 was found to be a prevalent one with a wide spectrum of virulence and an extensive distribution. The spatial and temporal subpopulation genetic structures of the fungus were also analyzed revealing that there was difference among locations but existed no obvious spatial boundary of the population , and the temporal characteristics had evolved constantly . The variety selection might be the main factor for the structure evolution, especially for the extensively cultivated and closely related hybrids. The suggestion was that breeding for resistance must be targeted to the prevalent lineage, and new resistance germplasms with a wide spectrum of resistance should be found to increase the resistance diversity and durability to the rice blast disease.

关 键 词：稻瘟菌 群体遗传结构 DNA指纹 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]