攀枝花市海洛因成瘾者美沙酮维持治疗效果评价  

Evaluation of Methadone Maintenance Treatment for Heroin Users in Panzhihua

作　　者：刘金康[1] 李莉华[1] 陈玉华[1] 刘丹[1] 李琳[1] 罗魏[2] 

机构地区：[1]攀枝花市疾病预防控制中心,四川攀枝花617000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2009年第9期723-725,共3页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的评价攀枝花市海洛因成瘾者进行美沙酮社区维持治疗(MMT)1年的效果。方法对美沙酮门诊的112名海洛因成瘾者的基线数据和治疗1年后的随访数据进行比较。结果112名海洛因成瘾者治疗前39名HIV抗体检测阳性,73名HIV抗体检测阴性,MMT1年后,73名受治者HIV抗体仍然阴性;112名受治者尿检阳性率从入组前的100%下降到治疗后的25.23%,近1个月注射毒品的次数、注射吸毒和共用注射器的比例,由治疗前每人每月平均9.13次、15.14%下降到0次;安全套坚持使用率从26%提高到32.4%。结论通过MMT1年后,在减少危险行为、减少与毒品相关的违法犯罪等方面取得较好效果,对预防控制艾滋病通过注射吸毒与性行为传播起到积极作用。Objective To exanine the effect of the community-based methadone maintenance treatment（MMT） among heroin addicts for a period of 12 months. Methods Baseline survey and follow-up investigation after 12 months trentment were conduceted in 112 heroin addicts receiving MMT, and the baseline and follow up data were compared. Results The HIV antibody detection showed that 73 HIV negative individuals at entry remained negative after 12 months treatment, and the positive rate of urine test dropped from 100% at baseline to 25.89% after the treatment. The proportion of the injection related risk behaviors, such as drug injection, frequency of injection and syringe and needle sharing, also reduced significantly. The rate of consistent condom use inceeased from 26% to 45.4% in the past 12 months. MMT in general contributed to the restoration of family and social function. Conclusion As a result of 12 months treatment, MMT has achieved encouraging effect in terms of reducing risk behaviors and drug related crimes and improving or restoring individual, farmily and social functions, and so has made positive contribution to the prevention of HIV/AIDS spread via drug use and sex.

关 键 词：海洛因成瘾者 社区 美沙酮治疗 

分 类 号：R595[医药卫生—内科学]