黄土高原公路建设中的水土流失成因及预估研究  

Study on Estimation and Genetic Analysis of Water and Soil Loss in Highway Construction in Loess Plateau

作　　者：许永长[1,2] 刘俊民[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西建工集团总公司,陕西西安710003

出　　处：《水利与建筑工程学报》2009年第4期50-53,共4页Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering

摘　　要：结合陕西省合阳王村—皇甫庄公路改建工程,分析了黄土高原这一特殊地貌条件下的公路建设中的水土流失现状及形成机理。在详细论述水土流失预估方法和模型的基础上,对黄土高原公路工程建设中土壤侵蚀模数、建设区域内扰动原地貌面积、破坏土地和植被面积、建设区域内破坏水土保持设施面积、新增水土流失量、弃土和弃渣量、施工造成的水土流失危害进行了预估研究,结果表明:①高原公路工程建设中水土流失主要是不利的自然条件(降雨、地面坡度等)与工程开挖、填筑等建设活动互相交织产生的;②弃渣场是高原公路建设中新增水土流失的主要策源地,弃渣场产生的新增水土流失量为3.19×104t,占新增水土流失总量的99.71%;③公路建设造成的水土流失呈线形,影响范围广,应加强施工期的临时防护工程。Combining with the reconstruction project for Wangeun- Huangfuzhuang highway in Heyang of Shaanxi Province, the status and formation mechanism of water and soil loss in highway construction are analyzed, which is under conditions of the special topography in loess plateau. The contents and estimation model of water and soil loss in highway construction in loess plateau are analysised, such as the soil erosion modulus, the original disturbance region, the undermined area of land and vegetation, the damaged area of soil and water conservation region, the volume of residue, the new water and soil erosion volume in the construction process, and so on. The results show that： （1） the water and soil loss in construction of highway projects is mainly produeed by the adverse natural conditions （rainfall, ground slope, etc. ）, as well as the engineering excavation, reclamation and other construction activities; （2） the abandon slag is the new major source of soil erosion in engineering constreution, the new water and soil erosion volume produced by the abandon slag has amounted to 31 900 tons, accounting for 99.85% of the new erosion volume; （3） the soil erosion caused by highway construction appears as linear and the affected area is extensive. Therefore, the temporary protection in construction period should be strengthened.

关 键 词：黄土高原 水土流失 成因 预估 合阳王村—皇甫庄公路 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]