云南稻核心种质及其杂种后代形态性状的遗传多样性  

Genetic variations in morphological characters of Yunnan rice core collection and its backcross hybrids

作　　者：杨树明[1,2] 罗曦[1] 曾亚文[1,2] 杜娟[1,2] 普晓英[1,2] 邰丽梅 雷国方 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南省农业生物技术重点实验室,云南昆明650223 [3]云南省食用菌研究所,云南昆明650223 [4]沾益县农业局,云南沾益655031

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第4期339-343,共5页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30660092);云南省中青年学术带头人后备人才培养项目(2005PY01-14);云南省省院省校科技合作项目(2006YX12)

摘　　要：以云南稻核心种质和云南主栽籼稻品种滇屯502、粳稻品种合系35配制的杂种BC1F3(448份)和亲本为材料,在昆明地区生态条件下,对供体亲本及其杂种BC1F3世代的形态性状遗传多样性进行分析.结果表明:1)供体亲本的11个数量性状的平均值、标准差、变异系数等与回交后代差异明显.回交使其后代的性状逐渐趋于轮回亲本,变异系数呈下降趋势,籼粳基本一致.2)供体亲本及其杂种BC1F3的11个形态性状Shannon-weaver遗传多样性指数的t测验表明,除剑叶宽和1～2节长外,亲本与后代其他性状差异不显著,并具有丰富的形态多样性,籼粳一致.3)主成分分析表明,株高、剑叶长、穗颈长、穗下节长、1～1节长、穗长、实粒数、秕粒数和结实率等9个性状是解释云南地方稻种和杂种后代多样性的重要依据.448 accessions hybrid BC1F3 were backcrossed, with two elite parents DiantunS02 and Hexi35 widely cultivated in Yunnan as recurrent parent, while core collection in Yunnan rice landrace as donors. The genetic variation in main morphological characters of core collection hybrids in Yunnan rice landrace was analyzed between indica and japonica in Kunming. The result showed that： 1） There was a remarkable difference in 11 quantitative index such as mean value, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation of donor parent and that of backcross descendant. Back cross breeding transmigrated its generation＇s characters to the parent. There were more and more common characters between the two, and the coefficient of variation assumed a declining trend, both in indica and japonica rice. 2） Indicated that t-test of shannon-weaver genetic diversity index for 11 morphological characters in donor parent and its hybrid BC1F3 indicated there were no remarkable differences between the parent and its descendants. Except in flag leaf width and first-to-second node length, and both in indica and japonica rice there was a wealth of morphological diversity. 3） The principal component analysis indicated that 9 characters such as plant height, flag leaf length, peduncle length, node length under panicle, first to second node length, spike length, filled grains and unfilled grains, seed setting rate and are important to explain the Yunnan landrace rice resources and hybrid descendants＇ diversity.

关 键 词：水稻 核心种质 杂种后代 变异系数 形态多样性 主成分分析 云南 

分 类 号：S511.033[农业科学—作物学]