遮阴对黄波罗幼苗的光合特性及光能利用效率的影响  

EFFECTS OF SHADING ON THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHARACTERISTICS AND LIGHT USE EFFICIENCY OF PHELLODENDRON AMURENSE SEEDLINGS

作　　者：王凯[1,2] 朱教君[1] 于立忠[1] 孙一荣[1] 陈光华 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]清原满族自治县林业局,辽宁清原113300

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2009年第5期1003-1012,共10页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(SCXZ-YW-N-031-1);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD03A0903和2006BAD03-A0401)

摘　　要：一直以来黄波罗(Phellodendron amurense)被认为是不耐阴树种,然而引入美国纽约后,发现它具有一定的耐阴性,在全光和林下均能更新,在纽约已经成为生物入侵种。为了探讨黄波罗的耐阴性问题,通过设置自然光与遮阴(15%自然光)两种光环境,观测了三年生黄波罗幼苗(遮阴1a后)光合生理参数、光能利用效率、叶绿素和比叶重的变化。结果表明,与自然光处理相比,遮阴处理的黄波罗幼苗最大光合速率、表观量子效率和暗呼吸速率略有下降,但差异不显著(p>0.05),光补偿点下降显著(p<0.05);同时,单位面积叶绿素含量无显著差异(p>0.05),而单位干重叶绿素含量显著升高,比叶重显著下降,叶面积显著增大(p<0.05)。上述结果说明:遮阴的黄波罗幼苗通过降低光补偿点和暗呼吸速率利用环境中的弱光,同时通过减小比叶重、增大叶面积和提高叶绿素b相对含量来增强对光的捕获,使其在弱光时的光能利用效率提高。由此推断,黄波罗幼苗能适应一定程度的遮阴。Aims Although Phellodendron amurense is generally recognized as a shade-intolerant tree species,it has been reported to have some shade tolerance and be able to regenerate in both full sunshine and shade in New York,USA,where it is invasive. Our objective was to investigate shade tolerance of P. amurense. Methods We planted 2-year-old P. amurense seedlings in two plantation plots,one with full natural light and the other with 15% of full natural light. After one year we observed the parameters of gas exchang, including maximum net photosynthetic rate （Pmax）, apparent quantum yield （AQY）, dark respira- tion rate （Rd）, light compensation point （LCP） and light use efficiency （LUE）, using a Li-6400 （Li-Cor, USA）. We also determined chlorophyll （Chl） contents per unit leaf area and per unit mass and specific leaf weight （SLW）. Important findings There were no significant differences （p〉0.05） between sun and shade treatments for Pmax, AQY and Rd. However, plants in the shade treatment had significantly lower LCP and SLW, but higher Chl content per unit mass and leaf area. These results indicated that P. amurense seedlings effec- tively used weak light by decreasing LCP and Rd, and enhanced the ability of capturing light by decreasing SLW and increasing leaf area and relative content of chlorophyll b, which made LUE increase in weak light condition. Therefore, P amurense seedlings are shade tolerant.

关 键 词：黄波罗 耐阴性 次生林 光合作用 

分 类 号：S945[农业科学—水产养殖]