达赉湖地区蒙原羚与同域分布家羊的食物重叠研究  

Dietary Overlap between Sympatric Mongolian Gazelle and Sheep/Goat in Dalaihu Region

作　　者：刘丙万[1] 钱执强[1] 刘松涛 乌力吉 黎明 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]内蒙古达赉湖国家级自然保护区,呼伦贝尔021008

出　　处：《野生动物》2009年第5期234-237,239,共5页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30700075);黑龙江省普通高等学校青年学术骨干支持计划项目(1153G058);黑龙江省博士后启动基金资助

摘　　要：2007年11月、12月、2008年3月中旬至4月下旬、5月中旬至6月上旬、7月上旬至8月上旬、9月,在达赉湖地区收集了蒙原羚与同域分布家羊的粪便,利用粪样显微镜镜检分析方法研究了蒙原羚与同域分布家羊的食物重叠。在蒙原羚的粪便中共发现14科33属48种植物,与其同域分布家羊的粪便中共发现12科26属35种植物。禾本科植物构成了蒙原羚和家羊食物组成的主要部分,春季其占可识别植物碎片的比例最多,达(88.8±19.3)%,冬初最少,占(45.7±10.9)%。蒙原羚与同域分布家羊食物生态位重高度重叠,秋季最高达0.913,冬末最低为0.878,这表明蒙原羚与同域分布家羊存在激烈的食物竞争。Dietary overlap between sympatric Mongolian gazelle and sheep/goat in Dalaihu region was surveyed from November,2007 to September,2008.Feces of these sympatric animals were collected and vegetative species of their food in feces were identified under microscope.In feces of Mongolian gazelle,48 plant species,33 genera and 14 families were identified and feces of sympatric sheep/ goat,35 plant species,26 genera and 12 families were identified.Comparison of these plant species in the diet showed that Gramineae was the main part of the diet of Mongolian gazelle,comprising（88.8±19.3）%in Spring and（45.7±10.9）%in early winter, and the overlap of plant species was 0.878 in winter end and 0.913 in autumn,indicating that the sheep/goat were the potential competitors in food for Mongolian gazelle.

关 键 词：达赉湖 蒙原羚 家羊 食物重叠 粪样显微镜镜检分析方法 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]