重庆市燃煤型氟中毒病区煤氟调查分析  

INVESTIGATION OF THE COAL FLUORIDE IN COAL-BURNING TYPE FLUOROSIS AREAS IN CHONGQING

作　　者：张洁[1] 陈静[1] 王正虹[1] 徐世斌[1] 晏维[1] 周倩如[1] 郭小琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第19期3629-3632,3634,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：重庆市科委资助地方病预防与控制重大专项(CSTC;2007AA5021)

摘　　要：[目的]掌握重庆市燃煤型氟中毒病区煤氟含量及其与病情的变化关系,为分析氟中毒的主要氟源提供科学依据。[方法]以病情较重的彭水县的大青村、太平村和巫山县的凌云村、栗子村为调查点,永川区的双楼村、现龙村为对照点,调查8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病率,16岁以上人群氟骨症患病情况;检测病区和非病区的煤、拌煤土、拌煤、煤渣、饮用水、土壤、空气中的氟含量,调查病区和非病区居民生活,估算出通过不同途径进入人体的氟的含量。[结果]病区儿童的氟斑牙检出率以及16岁以上人群氟骨症检出率均高于非病区的水平,病区与非病区居民经消化道进入人体的氟含量相差不大,经水体进入人体的氟虽有差别,但未超过国家标准,但病区空气氟含量超过国家标准,经呼吸系统进入人体的氟的总量病区是非病区的7.57倍。[结论]重庆市燃煤型氟中毒氟源是煤,主要的摄氟途径为呼吸系统。[Objective] To grasp the relationship of fluoride content in coal with fluorosis in coal-burning type fluorosis areas in Chongqing and to provide a scientific basis for the analysis of the main fluoride source. [ Methods] Investigations were done for dental fluorosis among the children of 8-12 years age and the status of skeletal fluorosis in people over the age of 16 sampled from the villages suffering from fluorosis in Pcngshui County and Wushan County, with two villages from Yongchuan as controls. Furthermore, the fluoride contents in coal, coal mixed with soil, coal cinder, drinking water, soil, air from epidemic areas and non-epidemic areas were determined and used to estimate the fluoride content gained by the residents. [ Results] Dental fluorosis of children as well as the detection rate of population over the age of 16 for skeletal fluorosis in epidemic areas were higher than that of non-endemic area. The difference of fluoride intake through the digestive tract was not obvious between the inhabitants in epidemic areas and non-epidemic areas, while fluoride intake through water were （tifferent, which did not exceed the national standard. But the air fluoride contents exceeded the national standard, and the fluoride intake through respiratory tract in endemic areas was 7.57 times higher than that in the non-endemic areas. [ Conclusion） The fluoride source resulting in the coal-burning type fluorosis in Chongqing is coal-burning air fluoride pollution and the main tluoride intake pathway is respiratory tract.

关 键 词：燃煤型氟中毒 煤氟 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]