不同工作年限医务人员对针刺伤的自我防护现状调查  

INVESTIGATION ON SELF-PROTECTION AGAINST NEEDLE STICK INJURY OF MEDICAL STAFF WITH DIFFERENT WORKING YEARS

作　　者：李文珠[1] 苏冠华[1] 赵越[2] 陈海滨 胡会[2] 周传棣[2] 王朝晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院协和医院心内科,武汉430022 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院第二临床学院 [3]湘雅医学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第19期3697-3699,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]调查不同工作年限医务人员诊疗工作中发生针刺伤的情况及其防护意识和处理措施,探讨有效干预措施,强化医务人员的防护意识,提高职业防护的整体水平。[方法]随机抽取九省市631名城镇或农村医务人员进行现场问卷调查,内容包括医院对防护知识的培训、医院对针刺伤的重视程度、医务人员针刺伤的类型和针刺伤后的心理反应等。[结果]被调查的631名医务人员中近一年有406人曾发生过针刺伤,发生率高达64.34%。工作年限越长的医务人员对针刺伤的重视程度越高(P﹤0.05);工作年限与近一年被针刺伤的总次数呈负相关(P﹤0.05)。医务人员自我防护实施障碍的主要原因包括工作年限的差异导致对针刺伤的重视程度的不同,防护方式和流程知晓率低以及防护用品缺乏等。[结论]提高医院管理部门对医务人员针刺伤和职业防护培训的重视,增强医务人员自我防护意识和能力,加强职业防护基础建设和管理,将是有效提升医务人员自我防护能力并减少针刺伤的发生的有效措施和根本途径。[Objective] to investigate self-protective ability against needle stick injury of medical staff with different working years, survey existent problems and explore effective measures to reinforce the protective consciousness of them to avoid cross infection. [ Methods] The questionnaire investigation that contained the knowledge of protection, the types of needle sticks, the level of concern of the hospital pay and psychological responses after needle stick was performed among 631 urban and rural medical staffs from 9 provinces. [ Results] Among the 631 medical staffs. 406 （64.34%） persons were injured in the past year. The ones with longer working years pay more attention to self-protection （P 〈 0.05 ）, and the total times of needle stick injuries in the past year had an inverse correlation with the working years （P 〈 0.05）. The main obstacles of improving self protection ability were： different focus on the problem due to different working years, lack of the knowledge of protective meth- ods, procedure, and protective materials. [ Conclusion ] Hospitals should pay more attention to the occupational protection education, improve the ability and consciousness, popularize the standard of protective management and basic technology, and enhance the hospital＇s positive attitude towards needle stick injure, which are the most important and basic ways to improve the medical staffs＇ ability of serf protection and cut down the number of injure.

关 键 词：医务人员 针刺伤 工作年限 职业防护 职业暴露 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]