封育对“黑土滩”垂穗披碱草栽培草地群落结构和特征的影响  

Impact of enclosure on community characters of sowed Elymus nutans grassland in "black soil Land"

作　　者：刘德梅[1] 马玉寿[2] 张德罡[1] 施建军[2] 王彦龙[2] 李红梅[2] 杨时海[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]青海省畜牧兽医科学院草原研究所,青海西宁810003

出　　处：《草业科学》2009年第10期59-66,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：2005年度青海三江源自然保护区生态保护和建设总体规划科研课题及应用推广招标项目(2005-SN-1);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAC01A02)

摘　　要：在三江源区对3龄和7龄垂穗披碱草Elymus nutans栽培草地进行围栏禁牧封育,封育期为3年,在每年8月中旬进行群落调查,以冷季放牧利用的垂穗披碱草栽培草地作为对照,分析围栏内外样地的群落特征以及逐年草地群落演替过程。结果表明:1)物种多样性指数为放牧>封育,且随草龄的增长,群落多样性指数有缓慢增加趋势;2)放牧、封育2种处理样地的总盖度和优势种的盖度及高度的变化基本趋于一致,即随建植年龄逐步变小,与放牧相比,封育草地的各值显得较低一些;3)地上植物量变化随着演替年限的增加,呈现持续下降趋势。The third-year and seventh-year sowed Elymus nutans grassland in ＂black soil land＂ in the ＂Three-River＂ region were fenced for 3 years, and the community was surveyed during the middle August in each year. The same grassland outside the fence which was grazed in winter was used as the control. The results showed： 1） the species diversity index of fenced grassland was higher than the grazing grassland, and with the increase of sowed age, the diversity index gradually increased; 2） the change of total coverage, coverage and height of dominant species were same, i. e. , they decreased with the increase of sowed age and that of fenced grassland was lower than the grazing grassland; 3） The aboveground biomass was consistently decline with the increase of sowed age, and that of fenced grassland was significantly lower than the grazing grassland.

关 键 词：禁牧封育 “黑土滩”栽培草地 群落特征 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学] S812.8