出 处:《中华预防医学杂志》2009年第10期856-860,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
摘 要:目的研究24例甲型H1N1流行性感冒(简称流感)确诊患者的临床表现及实验室检查结果,并总结其特点。方法分析总结了24例确诊患者流行病学资料、临床表现、实验室和影像学检查。并对患者T细胞亚群进行评价研究。结果患者年龄从6岁至65岁,平均年龄26岁,年龄25岁以下15例。22例(22/24,91.7%)患者来自美国和加拿大疫区。常见症状和体征包括:发热22例(22/24,91.7%);咽痛22例(22/24,91.7%);咳嗽20例(20/24,83.3%),其中干咳14例(14/24,58.3%)、咯痰6例(6/24,25.0%);流涕6例(6/24,25.0%);头痛7例(7/24,29.2%);喷嚏、鼻塞各2例(2/24,8.3%);16例患者行CT检查,其中6例患者发现肺部炎症(6/16,37.5%);肌肉酸痛者4例(4/24,16.7%);腹泻者1例(1/24,4.2%);结膜炎1例(1/24,4.2%)。实验室检查:检测CD4时,23例患者中18例降低(18/23,78.3%),其波动范围122~691细胞/μl(正常值为706—1125细胞/μl),平均值408细胞/μl。CD4/CD8比值仍在正常范围内。在治疗5—7d后,14例患者复查CD4、CD8,其中CD4治疗前、后均值分别为(436.29±189.06)细胞/μl、(976.71±332.96)细胞/μl,配对t检验结果示:t=-5.416,P〈0.05;CD8治疗前、后均值分别为(323.64±176.47)细胞/μl、(703.14±211.77)细胞/μl,配对t检验结果示:t=-5.319,P〈0.05。22例患者测定了治疗前、后白细胞及淋巴细胞数值,白细胞治疗前为(5.13±1.47)×10^9/L,治疗后(6.25±1.37)×10^9/L,配对t检验结果示:t=-2.900,P〈0.05;淋巴细胞治疗前(1.16±0.43)×10^9/L,治疗后(2.30±0.37)×10^9/L,配对t检验结果示:t=-6.819,P〈0.05。治疗前、后白细胞、淋巴细胞、CD4、CD8比较,差异有统计学意�Objective To study the clinical characteristics and laboratory results of 24 confirmed H1N1 influenza cases. Methods The characters of clinical, laboratory, iconography and etiology of 24 patients with A/H1N1 were studied, and the changes of T-lymphocyte subsets that between the pre- and posttreatment were evaluated. Results The ages of patients were ranged from 6 to 65 years old ; average age was 26 years old. 15 patients were under 25 years old. 22 (22/24,91.7%) patients had recently traveled to USA or Canada. The most common presenting symptoms were: fever ( 22/24,91.7% ) ; sore throat ( 22/24, 91.7% ) ; cough ( 20/24, 83.3% ) ; dry cough ( 14/24, 58.3% ) ; expectoration ( 6/24, 25. 0% ) ; nasal discharge(6/24,25.0% ). Six had pneumonia in sixteen patients (6/16,37.5%)who took CT scan; seven (7/24,29. 2% ) had headache and four ( 4/24 ,16. 7% ) had muscular soreness; two (2/24,8.3%) had sneeze and nasal obstruction; only one( 1/24,4. 2% ) had diarrhea; one( 1/24,4. 2% ) had conjunctivitis. The result of 23 patients about T-Lymphoeyte subsets: most of CD4 and CD8 were deereased (18/23, 78. 3% ) ,ranging from 122 to 691 eells/μl(normal was 706 - 1125 cells/μl) ,with the average of 408 cells/ μl, but ratios of CD4/CD8 were normal. Fourteen patients were detected CD4 and CD8 after reeeived thetreatment during 5 to 7 days. the results of CD4 (cells/μl) were different between the pre- and posttreatment: 436. 29 ± 189.06,976.71 ± 332. 96 ( paired-samples t test: t = - 5.416, P 〈 0. 05 ) while the results of CD8(cells/μl) were:323.64 ± 176.47,703.14 ± 211.77(t = -5. 319,P 〈0. 05) ;the results of leukocytes in 22 patients were different between pre- and post-treatmet: (5. 13 ± 1.47) ×10^9/L, (6. 25 ± 1.37) ×10^9/L( t = - 2. 900, P 〈 0.05 ) while the results of lymphoeytes were: ( 1.16 ± 0. 43 ) ×10^9/L, (2. 30 ± 0. 37 ) ×10^9/L ( t = - 6. 819, P 〈 0. 05 ) ; but the ratios of CD4/CD8
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