北京市海淀区接触职业病危害作业女工保健状况分析  

Health care status of female workers exposed to occupational hazards in Haidian district of Beijing

作　　者：林向华[1] 王子云[2] 林英[3] 丛泽[2] 刘永泉[1] 吴琦[1] 宛玲[1] 王秀荣[1] 杜小宁[1] 蔡源源[1] 王洪波[1] 时福礼[1] 狄江丽[4] 李丽娟[4] 陶永娴[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区卫生局卫生监督所监督五科 ,100037 [2]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 [3]北京市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生所 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2009年第10期880-884,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解北京市海淀区女工保健工作的现状，提高女工劳动保护水平。方法对海淀区辖区内监管的141家有女工从事接触职业病危害作业（化学毒物及噪声、振动、微波、高频、低温等物理因素）的单位进行女工保健状况现场问卷调查，并收集相关资料。问卷由中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心提供。结果141家单位包括国有企事业单位53家，集体企业21家，股份制企业46家，非公有制企业21家，共有女工12 251名，其中12 49名从事职业危害作业，占女工总数的10．19％（1249／12251）。16．31％（23／141）的单位无劳动保护管理机构，27．66％（39／141）的单位无就业前体检，无经期劳动保护管理制度的单位达48．94％（69／141），21．28％（30／141）的单位女工孕期工资发生变化，32．62％（46／141）的单位女工产期工资发生变化，2．13％（3／141）的单位安排女工从事国家禁忌女工从事的劳动（即连续负重作业），9．93％（14／141）的单位安排女工从事孕期禁忌从事的劳动，31．91％（45／141）的单位不将劳动时间内进行产前检查算作劳动时间，39．01％（55／141）的单位不负担女工生育费用，33．33％（47／141）的单位不将哺乳时间计入劳动时间。有68．09％（96／141）的单位每年定期组织女工进行妇科检查。收集到45家单位的职业健康检查报告，占调查单位数的31．91％（45／141），报告中未发现患有职业病的女工。共监测34家单位的1865个职业病危害因素监测点，其中155个监测点不合格，均为噪声作业点。结论女工保健工作形势不容乐观，要不断完善法律体系、加强宣传、明确监管部门及职责分工，做好女工保健工作。Objective To investigate the health care status of female workers exposed to occupational hazards in Haidian district of Beijing and improve the labor protection of female workers. Methods A questionnaire provided by National Center for Women and Children＇s Health of Chinese CDC was used in the survey conducted to collect information about health care status of female workers in 141 factories with occupational hazards including chemical poisons and physical factors （noise, libration, microwave, high frequency and low temperature）. Results 141 factories were investigated, including 53 state-owned enterprises, 21 collective enterprises, 46 joint-stock enterprises, and 21 non-public enterprises. 12 251 female workers were surveyed, 10. 19% （ 1249/12 251 ） of whom were exposed to occupational hazards. Of 141 factories studied, 16. 31% （23/141） had no labor protection management organization. 27.66% （39/141） did not provide pre-employment physical examination service to female workers. 48.94% （69/141） didn＇t establish labor protection system for female workers in menstrual period. While,21.28% （30/141）of the studied institutes deducted some salaries in the pregnancy, and 32. 62% （46/141） deducted their wages during the puerperal period. 2. 13% （ 3/141 ） arranged femaleworkers in the posts which are forbidden by law（ continuous heavy work load operation）. 9. 93% （14/141） arranged pregnant female workers on the post forbidden by law. 31.91% （45/141） and 33.33% （47/141） would deduct the time of prenatal medical examination and lactation from their working hours, respectively. 39.01% （55/141） didn＇t afford the cost of fertility. 68.09% （96/141） had annual gynecological examination. 45 factories were collected occupational examination reports, accounted for 31.91% （45/141）. No female workers were found suffering from occupational disease. Of the 1865 occupational hazard factor monitoring points in 34 factories, there were 155 monitoring points ,which were al

关 键 词：职业病 危害物质 妇女 就业 妇女卫生保健服务 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]