泡沫在多孔介质中封堵有效期实验研究  

A Laboratory Study on Durability of Foam Plug Created in Porous Media

作　　者：杨浩[1] 岳湘安[2] 赵仁保[2] 杨朝蓬[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学工程技术学院,北京100083 [2]石油工程教育部重点实验室(中国石油大学),北京102249

出　　处：《油田化学》2009年第3期273-275,285,共4页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划973计划课题"温室气体提高石油采收率的资源化利用及地下埋存"(项目编号2006CB705800)

摘　　要：使用玻璃器皿测定的泡沫性能不能反映泡沫在多孔介质中的特性。建议用地层水连续驱替被实验泡沫封堵的岩心,以岩心封堵率保持在80%以上,驱替压力梯度保持在0.4 MPa/m以上的驱替时间为泡沫封堵有效期。实验岩心由露头砂压制而成,尺寸（cm）为75×4.5×4.5,沿长度方向设置3个测压点,将岩心分为4段,岩心孔隙体积500 mL,水测渗透率0.131-0.233μm2。实验起泡液由体积分数1%的阴离子表面活性剂0A、适量稳泡剂、分散剂组成,用模拟地层水配液。实验温度45℃。通过岩心各测压点压力-时间曲线,各段压力梯度-时间曲线,各段封堵率-时间曲线,计论了驱替过程中泡沫行为、形态的变化。测定了平均半衰期7.4 h的泡沫对10个岩心的封堵率和封堵有效期：5个不含油岩心的封堵率在80.3%-94.1%范围,封堵有效期在69.47-108.33 h范围,平均89.30 h;5个残余油饱和度2.3%-6.0%的岩心,封堵率相近,在84.2%-91.6范围,封堵有效期则低得多,在15.55-35.25 h范围,平均25.80 h,表明泡沫堵水不堵油。The characteristics of foam determined in laboratory apparatus did not present exactly its behavior in porous media.It was suggested to flood continuously the foam plugged homgeneous core with formation water and to take the flooding time need for the core plugging rate（CPR） dropped down to 80% and above and the flooding pressure gredient（FPG）dropped down to 0.4 MPa/m and above as the durability（D）of the foam plug in porous meida.The cores used were made from compressed outcrop sand,of size in cm 75×4.5×4.5,divided into 4 section with 3 pressure measuring points along flowing stream,and characterized by pore volume of 500 mL and water phase permeability in range 0.131—0.233 μm2.The foaming solution used was composed of 1%anionie surfactant 0A and proper amounts of foam stabilizer and dispersant and prepared in a simulation formation water.The experimental temperature was of 45℃.The changes in structure and behavior of foam in the course of water flooding were discussed in terms of pressure vz time curves at various points and FPG and vz time curves for every core section.The CPR and the D of foam plug in cores were determined on 10 cores with foam halflife 7.4 h and showed that the CPR of 5 oil free cores was in range 80.3—94.1% and similar value,in range 84.2—91.6%,was obtained for 5 cores containing 2.3—6.0% residual oil;the D of foam plug in 5 oil free cores was in range 69.41—108.33 hr and of 89.30 hr in average and was much shorter in 5 cores contaning 2.3—6.0% residual oil being in range 15.55—35.35 hr and of 25.80 hr in average,This result stated that foam did not plug oil streams in water shutoff jobs.

关 键 词：泡沫 岩心堵封 封堵率 有效期 测定方法 渗流特性 

分 类 号：TE357.46[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TE39