喷雾干燥法制备聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料的结构与性能  

Structure and Properties of Polyurethane/Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Composites Prepared by Spray Drying Method

作　　者：江枫丹[1] 吴宁[1] 娄玥村[1] 王建彬[1] 张立群[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学北京市新型高分子材料制备与加工重点试验室,北京100029 [2]北京化工大学教育部纳米材料重点试验室,北京100029

出　　处：《特种橡胶制品》2009年第5期1-6,共6页Special Purpose Rubber Products

摘　　要：通过喷雾干燥法制备了聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料。扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察结果表明,碳纳米管在聚氨酯基体中分散较好。X-射线衍射测试表明,碳纳米管对复合材料的微相结构影响较小。随着碳纳米管用量的增加,动态力学性能测试表明复合材料的耐热性有了显著的改善。另外,该复合材料还表现出多功能特性,如高导电性和导热性。随着碳纳米管体积分数的增加,聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料的电导率逐渐提高,填充碳纳米管的聚氨酯复合材料的导电逾渗值约为5%。The spray drying method was employed to prepare nano-composites based on polyurethane （PU） and multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWNT）. The morphological, structural and mechanical properties of the resulting PU nano-composites were systematically investigated by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, transmission electron microscope （TEM）, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis （DMTA） and tensile testing. Electrical properties of the nano-composites were also tested. The results indicated that the unmodified MWNT were dispersed finely and uniformly in the PU matrix beyond expectation, and the microphase separation structures of the PU nano-composites were slightly affected by the presence of MWNT. Moreover, the PU nano-composites exhibited improved thermal and electrical eonductivities that might mean the PU/MWNT nano-eomposites had potential application as multi-functional materials. The electrical conductivity of the nano-composites was gradually improved with increasing MWNT content. The percolation threshold of the PU nano-composites filled with MWNT was about 5vol%.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 碳纳米管 复合材料 喷雾干燥法 导电 导热 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]