小麦有效穗数的遗传分析及其SSR分子标记  

Genetic analysis and SSR markers on the traits of effective spike number per plant of wheat

作　　者：闫林[1] 王辉[1] 孙道杰[1] 李学军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2009年第5期21-28,共8页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A02-13);农业部"948"项目(2006-G2)

摘　　要：选择有效穗数有显著差异的3个小麦品种(品系)西农9814(P1)和西农953、西农9718(P2)为亲本,配制杂交组合(西农9814×西农953、西农9814×西农9718),采用P1、P2、F1、F四家系世代联合分析方法和SSR分子标记技术,研究小麦有效穗数的遗传效应及对其进行初步定位。结果表明:2个组合有效穗数性状的遗传均符合2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型。在西农9814×西农953组合,2对主基因的加性效应(d)近似相等,分别为-1.850、-1.831,多基因的加性效应为1.931;在西农9814×西农9718组合,2对主基因的加性效应分别为-2.984和-1.159,多基因的加性效应为2.393;2个组合的主基因遗传率分别为58.26%和54.23%,多基因遗传率分别为0和9.90%,环境方差分别占表现方差的41.74%和35.87%,说明小麦有效穗数以主基因遗传为主,也易受环境的影响;用400对SSR引物对亲本和有效穗数性状极端池进行筛选,性状标记Xgwm113、Xgwm368、Xgwm495在亲本和极端池之间表现多态性,用这3个标记检测F2群体的392个单株,通过线性回归分析,均达到0.05的显著水平,由此推断Xgwm113、Xgwm368、Xgwm495与控制成穗基因连锁,而且该基因位于4B染色体上。In this paper, 3 wheat varieties （strains）, Xinong 9814, Xinong 953 and Xinong 9718, with different effective spike number （ESN） were chosen as parents to make crosses Xinong 9814/Xinong 953 and Xinong 9814/ Xinong 9718. The genetics nature of ESN from each of the two crosses were investigated by applying the major gene plus poly-gene motile of quantitative traits to a joint analysis multi-generations（P1 ,P2 ,F1 ,F2 ）. In order to map the loci related ESN, Simple Sequence Repeat （SSR） markers were used to detect F2 population from Xinong 9814/Xinong 953. The result showed that ESN was controlled by two additive-dominance-epitasis major genes plus additive-dominance polygenes （the E-1 modle in two crosses）. In the cross Xinong 9814/Xineng 953, the additive effects of two major genes were equla approximately with - 1. 850 and - 1. 831, the additive effect of polygenes was 1. 931. In the cross Xinong 9814/Xinong 9718, the additive effects of two major genes were -2. 984 and - 1. 159, the additive effect of polygenes was 2. 393. The heritabilities of major genes were 58.26% and 54.23% in two crosses, respectively. The heritabilitis of polygenes were 0 and 9.09%, and envionmental variances of F2 population were 41.74% and 35.87% in total variance in two crosses, respectively, indicating that the ESN traits of wheat were controlled by major genes with principal effect and minor genes with effects influenced significantly by environment. After screening 400 SSR markers between the parental and pooled F2 plants DNAs, three markers Xgwm113, Xgwm495 and Xgwm368 on chromosome 4B were found to be linked to the ESN loci.

关 键 词：小麦 成穗数 遗传模型 SSR标记 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S511