甘肃中川地区云闪的多站同步观测及雷暴的等效电荷结构  

Equivalent Electrical Discharge Structure of Thunderstorm and Simultaneous Observation of Multi-Station of Cloud Flashes in Zhongchuan of Gansu

作　　者：崔海华[1,2] 郄秀书[3] 张其林[1] 张廷龙[1] 张广庶[1] 赵阳[1] 孔祥贞[1] 袁铁[1] 杨静[1] 张彤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所西部气候环境与灾害实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]河北省防雷中心,河北石家庄050021 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所中层大气与全球环境探测试验室,北京100029

出　　处：《高原气象》2009年第4期808-815,共8页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-206);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(40325013);国家自然科学基金项目(40675008)共同资助

摘　　要：利用甘肃中川地区GPS同步的7个测站闪电慢天线获得的电场变化资料,通过非线性最小二乘法对2004年8月20日一次雷暴过程中的10次云闪进行了拟合分析,估算了其所中和的电矩、取向及空间位置等参量。结果表明,其中5次云闪是雷暴云中部主负电荷区与其下部正电荷区之间的放电,另外5次是中部主负电荷区与其上部正电荷区之间的放电,对应的放电中心的海拔高度分别在3.2～5.6 km和6.8～7.7 km,中和电矩分别约为4.56～61.0 C·km和1.06～15.9 C·km。发生在雷暴云上部正电荷区与中部主负电荷区之间的闪电所中和电矩较发生在雷暴云中部主负电荷区与下部正电荷区之间的闪电所中和电矩小。结果证实了中国内陆高原地区雷暴云的上部和下部有两个正电荷区存在,与闪电放电相联系的雷暴云电荷结构可用简化的三极性来代表。Using the data from 7-station slow antenna network synchronized by GPS with 1 min resolution during thunderstorms in the neighborhood of Zhongchuan airdrome, Gansu. Through the non-linear least-square solution method, the dipole moment, tropism and location of charges neutralized by ten intracloud lightnings occurred in a thunder storm on August 20, 2004 are fitted and analyzed. The results show that five flashes occurred between main negative charge region and lower positive charge region and that other five flashes did between main negative charge region and higher positive charge region during the developing stage of thunderstorm. The center of discharge is between 1.3～3.6 km and 4.8～5.7 km above the ground. The neutralized moment is about 4.56～61.0 C · km and 1.06～15.9 C · km. It confirms that the positive charge exist in the lower part of Chinese inland plateau thunderstorm cloud, and that the positive charge actively takes part in the discharge. The charge structure related to the lightning discharge can be represented with the tripole.

关 键 词：甘肃中川地区 云内闪电 非线性最小二乘法拟合 雷暴电荷结构 

分 类 号：P427.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]