山东省某中学教师使用计算机情况及其与颈腰椎病的关系  

Correlation between Computer Use and Cervical Lumbar Spondylosis of Middle School Teachers in Shandong Province

作　　者：王海泉[1] 孙广恭[1] 孟迎春[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学附属省立医院,济南市250021

出　　处：《职业与健康》2009年第21期2293-2296,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的调查中学教师使用计算机情况及颈腰椎健康状况,分析使用计算机因素对颈腰椎发病的影响。方法编制《计算机使用者颈腰椎健康状况调查表》,对山东省某中学424名教师进行问卷调查,收集相关使用计算机及颈腰椎健康状况信息。将所有资料以SPSS11.5软件进行统计分析,采用多元logistic回归分析、χ2检验及t检验对数据进行处理。结果调查人群74.5%使用计算机频率≥4次/周,日均使用时间为(2.46±1.73)h,且男性在使用频率(P=0.000)和使用年限(P<0.05)上均明显高于女性,日均使用时间30岁以下年龄段明显高于30岁以上年龄段(P<0.05);颈椎病和(或)腰椎间盘突出症患者数为276人,患病率为65.1%;单因素分析显示,性别、年龄、婚否、使用计算机频率、年限、日均使用时间、锻炼因素在颈腰椎病组与非颈腰椎病组间差异有统计学意义;多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、婚否、使用计算机年限、日均使用时间为颈腰椎病致病的危险因素。结论中学教师是计算机使用群体,也是颈腰椎病高发人群,使用计算机频率、年限、日均使用时间为颈腰椎病致病的计算机危险因素。合理安排工作时间,设计并安装相关软件以提醒休息、控制计算机使用时间,是计算机使用者预防颈腰椎病的有效措施。[ Objective ] To investigate the status of computer use and cervical and lumbar health in some middle school teachers in Shandong Province, and analyze the effect of computer use on cervical and lumbar spondylosis. [ Methods] ＂Questionnaire survey of cervical and lumbar health status of computer users＂ was established to investigate 424 teachers in a middle school of Shandong Province for information collection of computer use and cervical and lumbar health status. The software SPSS 11.5 statistically was adopted to analyze the data by using the methods of logistic regression analysis,χ^2 test and t test. [ Results]The prevalence of using computer frequency≥ 4 times per week was 74.5%, the average time of using computer was （ 2.46 ± 1.73 ） hours per day, use frequency （ P = 0.000 ） and use time （ P 〈 0. 05 ） of male were significantly higher than those of female ; the average using time of teachers under 30 years were significantly higher than that of teachers above 30 years ; the number of cervical and （or） lumbar spondylosis patients was 276, the prevalence rate was 65.1% ; Single factor analysis showed that there were significant differences of sex, marriage, frequency of using computer, total time of using computer, average daily time of computer using and physical exercise factors between patients group and non-patients group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex, marriage, average dally time of computer using were the risk factors of cervical and lumbar spondylosis. [ Conclusion ] Middle school teachers are computer user groups and also the high-risk population of lumbar cervical spondylosis. Risk computer factors related to cervical lumbar spondylosis are frequency, total time and average daily time of computer using. Arranging reasonable working time on computer, designing and setting correlated software for reminding rest, controlling working time are the effective measures for computer users to prevent cervical lumbar spondylosis.

关 键 词：计算机 颈椎 腰椎 流行病学 危险因素 患病率 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]