顺义区农村自备水源井水卫生学调查及在农村改水工作中的应用  

HYGIENIC INVESTIGATION ON RURAL-OWNED WELL-WATER AT SHUNYI DISTRICT AND APPLICATION IN IMPROVING WATER-QUALITY IN THE COUNTRYSIDE

作　　者：王瑞霞[1] 梁和平[1] 甄国新[1] 陈东宛[1] 黄晓风[1] 孙雪媛[1] 刘秀峰[1] 李玉堂[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心,北京101300

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第18期3423-3425,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]对北京市顺义区农村自备水井环境卫生和水质卫生状况进行调查和分析,为顺义区农村改善水质提供科学的依据。[方法]对农村19个镇的434眼自备水源井的基本情况进行问卷调查,并对井水水质(26个项目)进行检测。同步检测一个镇级集中式供水厂的水质。[结果]农村自备水井的成井时间不同、水深不同,多数水井无消毒设备(占96.14%)和净化设备(占98.39%)。水质检测合格的有284件,合格率为65.44%;检测不合格的项目有铁、锰、氨、氟化物和砷等的含量及总硬度、色度、浑浊度和细菌学指标,这些项目均超标。集中式供水厂的水质26个项目均合格。[结论]农村自备水井环境卫生和水质卫生状况较差,对自备水井应安装必要的消毒、水质净化设备,各村应建立完整的水源井资料以备查验,做到专人管理和定期消毒;增加合格的镇级集中式供水,降低成本,减少浪费,便于管理,改进不合格的供水设施,以提高水质,保障村民的饮水卫生安全。[Objective] To investigate and analyze the state of environment-health and water-quality of rural-owned wells in Shunyi District of Beijing, so as to provide scientific basis for improving the water-quality in the countryside. [Methods] The basic condition of 434 self-supporting wells in 19 towns was investigated by questionnaire, and water-quality （26 items besides a centralized water supplier） was examined at the same time. [Results] The digging time and depth of the wells differed from each other. Most of the wells did not have any sterilized equipments （96.14%） and purifying ones （98.38%） . 284 （65.44%） of them were fit for drinking. The unfit excessive items included the content of Fe, Mn, ammonic, fluoride and arsenic, and the indexes of general hardness, chroma, turbidity and bacterial index. 26 of the centralized water suppliers were wholesome. [Conclusion] The environment and water-quality of rural-owned wells did not show sound. It is necessary to equip disinfection and water purification instrument. Each village should have integrated data on well water in order to specialized management and regular disinfection. It is necessary to increase the qualified township centralized water supply, reduce costs and waste, improve management and water supply facilities to improve the water quality to protect the safety of drinking water.

关 键 词：农村 自备水源井水 水质 检测 应用 

分 类 号：R123.9[医药卫生—环境卫生学]