江苏省某城市公共场所空调系统军团菌污染现况调查  

Investigation of contamination status by Legionella from the public air-conditioning systems in some cities of Jiangsu province

作　　者：黄健[1,2] 陈连生[3] 陈晓东[3] 张秀珍[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210029 [2]南京市下关区疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210011 [3]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《江苏预防医学》2009年第3期13-16,共4页Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的:了解公共场所空调系统军团菌污染现况,为公共场所空气传播疾病监控技术的研究提供基础资料。方法:采用随机抽样方法,抽取江苏省某城市50家公共场所,进行现场环境调查和空调系统冷却塔水的军团菌、菌落总数等相关指标检测。结果:某城市公共场所空调系统冷却塔水的军团菌总检出率为86.0%,血清分型为LP1、LP3、LP5和LP6型4种,以LP1型为优势型,占83.0%。随着水温的升高,军团菌检出率呈现出增高的趋势,在30～35℃的水温中军团菌检出率为100%。每份水样均检出2～8种藻类,菌落总数检测值范围为10～4700CFU/ml,随着菌落总数的增多,军团菌检出率有上升趋势。空调使用年限越久,军团菌检出率越高,检出率差异有显著性(P<0.05)。未消毒的空调其军团菌检出率明显高于已消毒的空调军团菌检出率(P<0.05)。采用不同余氯浓度消毒,军团菌检出率差异有显著性(P<0.05),水中余氯浓度>0.10mg/L时,军团菌检出率为0。结论:军团菌适宜在水温较高且有丰富的藻类和菌落种类的环境中生长繁殖。对冷却塔和空调系统进行定期清洗消毒,在水中添加消毒剂是抑制冷却塔水中军团菌生长的有效措施。Objective： To evaluate the status of Legionella contamination in public air-conditioning systems of a city, Jiangsu Province, and provide basic technology of public air-borne disease surveillance. Methods： A random sampling method were used to test the water samples from cooling towers in 50 sites of public air-conditioning systems of a city, Jiangsu Province, the correlation issue were detected such as： the total number of colonies and serotyping. Results： The overall detection rate of Legionella was 86.0% 4 types of serotyping were LP1, LP3, LP5 and LP6, of which LP1 is a dominant type, which accounting for 83. 0%. With the water temperature rise, Legionella showed higher detection rate of the trend, while in water temperature 30-35℃ Legionella detection rate was 100%. Water samples of each species of algae were detected in 2-8, the total numbers of colonies for the detection range 10-4 700 CFU/ml, and the total number of colonies increased with the increasing detection of Legionella bacteria. The longer the service life of air-conditioning, the higher detection rate of Legionella. There was a significant difference （P〈0. 05） in the detection rate. In non-disin-fection of the air-conditioning, Legionella detection rate was significantly higher than the air-conditioning which has been disinfected （P〈0. 05）. Different residual chlorine eoncentrations for Legionella detection rate showed significant differences （P〈0. 05）, with higher concentrations of residual chlorine. The concentration of residual chlorine in the water） 0. 10 mg / L, Legionella detection rate was O. Conclusion： Legionella is suitable for high temperature and is rich in types of algae and bacteria growth and reproduction of the environment. Of cooling towers and air-conditioning systems for reg-ular cleansing and disinfection, disinfectant is added in water cooling towers in the water inhibit the growth of Legionella effective measures.

关 键 词：公共场所 空调系统 军团菌 污染 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]