崎岖列岛附近海域浮游植物与水环境状况研究  

Studies on phytoplankton and water environmental quality in sea area near Qiqu Archipelago

作　　者：朱根海[1,2] 施青松[2] 张健[2] 许卫忆[3,2] 朱德弟[3,2] 陈全震[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [2]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州310012 [3]国家海洋局国家海洋局海洋动力过程与卫星海学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《海洋学报》2009年第4期149-158,共10页

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2001BA603B-06-02);国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2001CB409705);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD43BOD)

摘　　要：于2001年冬（2月）、春（4月）、夏（7月）、秋（10月）首次对崎岖列岛附近海域的浮游植物和赤潮生物与枯水期（2月）、丰水期（7月）的水质进行了调查研究。采用浮游植物细胞丰度法和环境质量单项评价标准指数法,对该海域环境质量状况进行评估。结果表明：崎岖列岛附近海域共有浮游植物6门45属90种,其中赤潮生物有33种,浮游植物平均细胞丰度从大到小的顺序为,夏季（4.25×10^4个/dm^3）,秋季（3.85×10^4个/dm^3）,春季（2.66×10^4个/dm^3）,冬季（5.20×10^3个/dm^3）。底泥中发现的藻类有80种,其中赤潮生物有31种,并发现一些甲藻孢囊及休眠孢子。底泥藻类丰度为12-612个/g,平均值为68个/g。主要有害赤潮生物为具齿原甲藻Prorocentrumdentatum（=东海区的东海原甲藻P.donghaiense）,链状亚历山大藻Alexandrium catenella,塔玛亚历山大藻Alexandrium tamarense,项圈亚历山大藻Alexandrium monilatum,尖刺伪菱形藻Pseudo-nitzschia pungens,具尾鳍藻Dinophysis caudata,夜光藻Noctiluca scintillans,裸藻Eutreptiella gymnastica等。主要赤潮生物优势种为中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum。该海域化学需氧量、活性磷酸盐和无机氮则超标严重,水质已处于严重富营养化状态。The phytoplankton and Harmful Algal Bloom（HAB） and the current environmental quality of water and sediment in sea area near Qiqu Archipelago were investigated in February, April and July, 2001. Phytoplankton cell density and environment quality standard index were adopted to assess environmental quality conditions in the sea area. 90 that species belonged to 45 genera were identified in total, among which, 80 algal rest stages and cysts and 31 HAB species. The mean algal rest stages and cysts in deposit was 68 cells/g （12-612 cells/g）. The mean phytoplankton density in Summer , and Autumn and Spring （4.25×10^4 cells/dm^3 , and 3.85 ×10^4个/dm^3 and 2.66 ×10^4 个/dm^3） were more than that in Winter（5.2 ×10^3cells/dm^3）. The main HAB species were Skeletonema costatum , Prorocentrurn dentatum （ P. dong-haiense） , Alexandrium catenella , Alexandrium tamarense , Alexandrium monilatum , Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Noctiluca scintillans, Dinophysis caudate and Eutreptiella gymnastica etc. The results showed that COD, PO4-P, TIN severely exceed the standard. The water environmental quality was in severe eutrophication state.

关 键 词：崎岖列岛海域 浮游植物 赤潮生物 孢囊 环境质量评价 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]