根际低氧胁迫对网纹甜瓜光合作用、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Root-zone Hypoxia Stress on the Photosynthesis,Yield and Quality of Muskmelon

作　　者：刘义玲[1] 李天来[1] 孙周平[1] 陈亚东[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室,辽宁省设施园艺重点实验室,沈阳110161

出　　处：《园艺学报》2009年第10期1465-1472,共8页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家‘十一五’科技支撑项目(2006BAD07B04);辽宁省‘十一五’重大科技攻关项目(2006215001);沈阳农业大学校青年基金项目(20070103)

摘　　要：采用气雾法栽培系统,研究了网纹甜瓜根际低氧(10%、5%O2)胁迫对果实发育期间光合作用及产量和品质的影响。结果表明:低氧胁迫明显降低了叶片光合色素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)以及PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo),显著提高了气孔限制值(Ls);显著降低了单株产量和果实中维生素C、蛋白质、可溶性糖及主要芳香物质含量,提高了有机酸含量,降低了糖酸比。说明网纹甜瓜果实发育期间根际O2浓度降到10%及以下时,光合作用及果实发育就会受到显著抑制,从而导致产量和品质降低。By the aeroponics culture system, the effects of root-zone hypoxia stress （10% and 5% O2） on the leaf photosynthesis, fruit yield and quality of muskmelon were studied. The results showed that there were distinct decreases in the contents of photosynthesis pigments, net photosynthetic rate （P.）, stomatal conductance （ G, ） , intercellular CO2 concentration （ Ci ）, transpiration rate （ Tr） and the maximal photochemical efficiency of PS II （ Fv/Fm ） and PS Ⅱ potential activity （ Fv/Fo ） under the root-zone hypoxia stress as compared with the control （21% 02 ）. However, the stomatal limitation value （Ls ） was significantly increased. In addition, the results of yield and fruit quality showed that root-zone hypoxia stress markedly reduced the fruit weight per plant, and the contents of vitamin C, protein, soluble sugar and ratios of sugar / acid in fruit, in contrary, the content of organic acid was increased. Besides, the main aroma components detected were also declined with the decrease of the root-zone oxygen concentration. This indicated that leaf photosynthesis and fruit growth of muskmelon will be inhibited obviously when the root-zone oxygen concentration were lower than 10% during the fruit development, the yield and quality of muskmelon fruit decreased.

关 键 词：网纹甜瓜 根际低氧胁迫 光合作用 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学] Q945.1[农业科学—园艺学]