“更”字比较句中多项比较的程序与格式  

On the Procedures and Patterns of Multiple Comparisons in Comparative Sentences Using ɡènɡ

作　　者：张谊生[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学语言研究所 [2]上海高校比较语言学E-研究院

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2009年第4期443-456,共14页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(07BYY048)"近30年来汉语虚词的发展变化及其演化趋势研究"的一部分;教育部社科项目(05JA740021)"汉语副词的性质;功能与发展";上海市哲社项目(2006BYY006)"语法化理论与汉语虚词的发展与演化";上海市重点学科(S30402)的资助

摘　　要：具有三个或多个次第比较项的"更"字句,都是包含多次两项比较的复句。由于比较基点不同,可以构成顺向递较、逆向递较和交互递较三种格式。含有分较和同较的多项比较句并不是真正的多项次第比较式。多项次第比较式包含兼较、合较以及属种、模糊等多种比较格式。多项次第比较否定句在比较方式、标记、预设等方面具有相应特点,但在比较项数、基点、程序等方面都与肯定比较句一致,也是多次两项比较格式。The sentence using ɡènɡ has three or more sequential comparative items,which involve multiple comparisons of two items. Because of differences of basic comparative points,three comparative patterns can be identified：the successive progressive comparison,the reverse progressive comparison and the interactive progressive comparison. Sentences of multiple comparisons including respective comparison and simultaneous comparison are not real multiple comparisons. Multiple comparisons include various patterns such as concurrent comparison, combining comparison, generic-specific comparison, fuzzy comparison, etc. The negative forms of multiple sequential comparative sentences have characteristics in terms of contents, markers, presupposi- tions, etc. , but they are basically consistent with their affirmative counterparts in such aspects as comparative items, basic points and patters and are all multiple comparisons of two items.

关 键 词：“更” 次第比较项 会话隐含 比较程序 比较格式 多项否定比较 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]