富有机质土壤栽培方式对大白菜产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Organic Soil Cultivation Ways on Yield and Nutrient Quality of Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：舒海波[1] 贺超兴[1] 张志斌[1] 王怀松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第20期196-200,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"都市型设施园艺生产技术集成与产业化示范"(2008BADA6B03);国家863计划项目"农业生物质转化及菜田土壤地力修复技术研究"(2006AA10Z421);农业部行业科技专项"蔬菜现代产业技术体系研究与建立"(nyhyzx07-007)和"农业部园艺作物遗传改良重点开放实验室"

摘　　要：为明确不同栽培方式对大棚大白菜蔬菜产量、品质和土壤养分利用的影响,以园田土壤栽培为对照,研究了以农业废弃物腐熟麦秸与腐熟大粪干及园田土壤等为主要原料配制的富有机质土壤限根和非限根栽培方式的作用。结果表明,与富有机质限根栽培和普通土壤栽培相比,采用富有机质土壤非限根栽培的大白菜生长势好,根系活力强,叶绿素含量高,增产效果显著,产量较对照提高了20.68%;硝酸盐含量降低了359mg/kg,降幅达38.26%,富有机质土壤非限根栽培还明显增加了大白菜叶球的干物质含量,增幅为17.2%;与对照相比,富有机质土壤非限根栽培的大白菜的粗蛋白含量、总糖含量和维生素C含量分别提高了4.9%、0.9%和2.44%。表明富有机质土壤非限根栽培方式对提高白菜产量及改善营养品质效果良好。To study the effects of organic soil cultivation ways on the yield and nutrient quality of Chinese cabbage,the ordinary soil cultivation（CK）,organic soil（mixture of composed straw,composed manure and soil） cultivation with root restriction and organic soil cultivation without root restriction were used.The results showed that the vegetable with organic soil cultivation growth better than CK,which had higher plant height and stem diameter.The root activity and photosynthesis rate of organic soil was higher than CK. And the yield of Chinese cabbage was increased about 20.68%. The nutrient quality of Chinese cabbage was improved compare to CK. Although root restriction by a plastic film decreased the leakage of the soil nutrient and water,it might save water and fertilizer, the root unrestricting organic soil had higher root activity and chlorophyll content in leaves; and organic soil without root restriction significantly increased the Chinese cabbage yield and improved its nutrient quality. The results showed that organic soil cultivation without root restriction of Chinese cabbage had higher root activity, higher chlorophyll content, which yield significant increased and nitrate content reduced significantly than ordinary soil.

关 键 词：大白菜 富有机质土壤 限根栽培 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S626.5[农业科学—园艺学]