生物柴油的合成技术  

Synthetic technology of biodiesel

作　　者：钮劲涛[1] 陶梅[1] 金宝丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学资源与环境工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《辽宁工程技术大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第A02期193-195,共3页Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science)

摘　　要：综述了生物柴油生产的原料、催化剂、合成方法和生产工艺等相关研究进展。目前生物柴油工业化生产主要采用的均相酸、碱催化酯交换反应,很多都是在常压、低温下进行,其优点是反应转化率高,但是废催化剂会带来环境问题;非均相催化剂和酶催化剂则是目前研究的热点,固体碱、固定化酶等催化剂可以很容易实现与反应产物的分离;高温高压技术、超临界技术等也被用于酯交换反应过程。综合分析了国内外生物柴油的发展现状,提出生物柴油是一种极具发展前景的清洁燃料以及我国发展生物柴油的几点建议。The article reviewed the progresses about materials,catalysts and production technologies of biodiesel production.At the present ,the industrialization of biodiesel pruduction mainly uses the homogeneous acids or transesterification of the alkali to catalyza ester.Most of the processes operate under atmospheric pressure and low temperature.the advantage is that they have higher percent conversion. However, the separation of waste katalysts brings about some environmental problems.More and more researches focused on heterogeneous catalysts and enzyme catalysts.The catalysts of solid alkali and immobilized enzyme can be easily separated from the production.Many new technologies,such as elevated temperature and pressure technique, suppercritical technique,can greatly accelerate the transesterification reaction of ester.Comprehensive analyzing the state of the art of the biodiesel at home and abroad, some suggestion for advices of the development of the biodiesel in our country are put forward.

关 键 词：生物柴油 可再生能源 高温热裂解 酯交换反应 催化剂 超临界法 

分 类 号：X382.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]