电离辐射对马尾松及玉米芯烯酸水解影响的初步研究  

PRILIMINARY STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF IONIZING RADIATION ON DILUTE ACID HYDROLYSIS OF PINUS MASSONIANA AND CORN COBS

作　　者：何源禄[1] 贾眉 鲁淑霞 王玉华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,南京210037

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》1990年第4期249-256,共8页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

摘　　要：将电离辐射技术用于植物纤维原料稀酸水解或酶水解预处理过程的研究在国际上引起了广泛重视。本研究的目的是初步探索电离辐射对马尾松(Pinus masso-niana Lamb.)、玉米芯及其综纤维素稀酸水解效果的影响,同时观察马尾松水解木素对辐射化学作用的稳定性。试样的辐射预处理在10~6～10~9拉德剂量范围内进行,剂量率为2.07×10~4拉德/秒。研究结果表明,用10~8拉德剂量辐照后的物料,采用工艺简单的固定法稀酸水解即可达到工艺复杂的渗滤水解法的相同还原糖得率,在此剂量照射下,未发现木素的存在对多糖酸水解有保护作用(阻滞作用)。实验还发现高剂量(10~9拉德)辐照后的马尾松水解液含糖组成变化较大,出现了糖的相互转化趋势,非糖组份剧增。此外,研究结果还表明,木素的各种官能团对电离辐射的敏感性表现不一。总的看来,马尾松木素不属于对电离辐射有强敏感性的有机物。Study on the dilute acid hydrolysis or the pretreatment of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials by using ionizing radiation technique has aroused a great attention in the world. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of ionizing,radiation on dilute acid hydrolysis of Pinus massoniana, com cobs and their holocelluloses. The influence of radiation-chemical reaction on the stability of Klason lignin of P. massoniana was also investigated. For the pretreatment of the samples the range of radiation doses (rad) was 10～8～10～9, and the dose rate of electron beam was 2.07X104 rad/sec. The results showed that with the raw materials pretreated by ionizing irradiation at dose of 108 rad, the reducing sugar yields obtained by a simplified stationary acid hydrolysis were as high as that obtained by the rather complicated technology of percolating process without irradiation. At the doses used the presence of lignin had no inhibition effect on the acid hydrolysis of polysaccharides. It was found that at higher dose (10～8 rad) the sugar components of irradiated hydrolysate of P. massoniana changed quite sharply and a tendency of conversion among them was observed with rapid increase of non-sugars. The study demonstrated that the sensibility of functional groups of lignin to ionizing irradiation was different. In general, the lignin of P.massoniana isn't a strong sensitive organic material to ionizing irradiation.

关 键 词：纤维素 原料 马尾松 玉米芯 水解 

分 类 号：TQ353.4[化学工程]