生物质催化热解气化热重分析研究  

THERMOGRAVIMETRIC STUDY ON CATALYTIC PYROLYSIS GASIFICATION OF BIOMASS

作　　者：肖军[1] 沈来宏[1] 邓霞[1] 王泽明[1] 仲晓黎[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学热能工程研究所,南京210096

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2009年第9期1252-1257,共6页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50306002);国家自然科学基金重大项目(20590367);国家重点基础研究(973)发展规划(2007CB210208);新世纪人才支持计划(NCET-05-0470)

摘　　要：采用热重分析与气相色谱分析(TG-GC)相结合的方法,开展了以麦秸为主要研究对象的生物质催化热解气化实验研究,探讨了以NiO和CaO为催化剂,水蒸气气氛下的麦秸挥发分析出特性、半焦的气化特性、气化反应动力学特性以及催化剂对麦秸气化产物的影响。实验结果表明麦秸水蒸气气氛下的反应活性明显提高,气化反应过程中热解阶段视为一级反应,半焦气化视为缩核反应。非催化条件下麦秸的半焦气化在800℃以上才进行,添加NiO与CaO均促进了麦秸与水蒸气的气化反应,提高了气化过程的碳转化率和反应速率,但二者对半焦气化的促进机理以及气体产物的催化选择性有明显差异。添加NiO时H_2产率最大,达到34mol/kg麦秸,且使气化反应温度明显降低。添加CaO不仅促进了H_2和CO的生成,而且CH_4产率也明显提高,表明CaO更有利于大分子碳氢化合物的裂解。Biomass pyrolysis and gasification experiments were carried out using thermogravimetric analyzer and gas chromatographic analyzer. Under the catalytic and non-catalytic condition, the pyrolysis characteristics, gasification characteristics and kinetics of wheat straw were investigated in nitrogen and steam atmosphere. The composition of pyrolysis and gasification production was also detected by gas chromatographic analyzer. The experimental results showed that the wheat straw gasification begins above 800℃ without catalyst. The catalysts, both nickel oxide and calcium oxide, help biomass to gasify with steam, and increase carbon conversion ratio and accelerate reaction rate. In addition, nickel oxide and calcium oxide have the different catalytic effects on gasification yields. The nickel oxide has more remarkable effect on improving biomass gasification characteristics, decreasing gasification temperature. The hydrogen yield of biomass gasification with the nickel oxide is the most, which can reach 34mol/（kg wheat straw）. The calcium oxide has remarkable effect on improving CO and H2 yields. And CH4 is also increased by calcium oxide. That shows the calcium oxide is more helpful to pyrolysis for high hydrocarbon.

关 键 词：生物质 催化气化 热重分析 反应动力学 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]