青岛市大气颗粒物来源的定量解析——化学质量平衡方法  

Source Apportionment of Qingdao Atmospheric Aerosol with Chemical Mass Balance Method

作　　者：刘咸德[1,2,3] 封跃鹏[1,2,3] 贾红[1,2,3] 张冀强 马倩如[1,2,3] 邵莹[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]国家环境分析测试中心 [2]清华大学环境工程系 [3]天津市环境监测中心站

出　　处：《环境科学研究》1998年第5期51-54,共4页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家环境保护局资助

摘　　要：在青岛采集了夏、冬两季的飘尘样品。用１０μｍ入口切割和两级核孔膜滤膜，实现了飘尘粗、细颗粒的分极采样。分别用扫描电镜－Ｘ射线能谱分析技术和多元素化学分析数据的因子分析方法，定性识别排放源。用化学质量平衡方法定量解析源贡献：土壤扬尘和燃煤飞灰，硫酸盐二次颗粒物，以及海盐颗粒是３种主要来源；汽车尾气和２种工业排放的贡献较小。根据定量解析的结果，论述源排放的粒径分布和季节变化的特点。Summer and winter inhalable particle samples were collected in Qingdao.Dichotomous sampling for fine and coarse particles was accomplished by using a 10μm inlet and stacked Nuclepore filters.To identify particle emission sources,individual particle analyses were performed with SEM-EDX technique,whereas bulk analysis data with ICP-AES were used to do factor analysis.Based on source identification information,Chemical Mass Balance method was applied to quantitative source apportionment.It revealed that soil dust and coal-burning fly ash,secondary sulfate aerosols,and sea salt particles were the major sources,while contributions from vehicle exhaust,iron and steel industry,and barium salt industry were less important.The particle size distribution and seasonal variation of selected sources were discussed.

关 键 词：大气 颗粒物 化学质量平衡 污染源 定量解析 

分 类 号：X831.02[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X513.01