安徽农村留守儿童心理健康状况分析  

Mental Health Condition of the Left-behind Children in Rural Area of Anhui Province

作　　者：万艳梅[1] 王素芳[1] 马兴好[1] 吴旅[1] 张唯敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生系,合肥230032

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2009年第10期911-912,共2页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的调查农村留守儿童心理健康状况,探讨农村"留守"现象对儿童心理健康的影响。方法采用整群抽样法,在安徽农村选取2所小学和1所中学共1034名学生进行问卷调查。采用儿童社交焦虑量表、孤独量表、自我意识量表及社会期望量表评定其社交焦虑所伴发的情感、认知及行为、孤独感、自我意识水平及其认可需要。结果1034名中小学生中,留守儿童所占比例为73.7%。小学生父母无外出打工组社交焦虑评分分别低于母亲外出组、父母亲都外出组,父母无外出打工组孤独评分分别低于父亲外出组、父母亲都外出组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);初中生父母无外出打工组社交焦虑评分低于父母亲都外出组,父母无外出打工组孤独评分分别低于父亲外出组、父母亲都外出组,父母无外出打工组自我意识水平分别高于其他3组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论农村留守儿童心理问题突出,父母外出打工缺乏对孩子的关爱教育,造成留守儿童比非留守儿童社交焦虑、孤独感发生率高,值得关注。Objective To study the impact upon the children＇s mental health whose parents were out of town for works through the investigation of mental health status of the left-behind children. Methods 1034 students were randomly selected out of one elementary and two primary schools from rural Anhui respectively. Rating scale used for Mental Health Handbook （ updated version ） of the Social Anxiety Scale for Children, Loneliness Scale, Self-consciousness Scale and Children＇s Social Desirability Scale to assess social anxiety associated with the emotional, eognitive and behavior, loneliness, the level of self-awareness and recognition demand. Results The proportion of the left-behind children was 73.7%. Anxiety score of primary students of those whose parents not being out for work were significantly lower than which group＇s parents being out for work and mother being out for work. Lonely score of the students whose parents not being out for work were significantly lower than those whose parents being out for work and father being out for work （ P 〈0.05 ）. Both anxiety score and lonely score of elementary students of those whose parents being not out for work were significantly lower than the students whose parents being out for work and mother being out for work and father being out for work （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion It is important to pay more attention to the mental health status of the Left-behind Children.

关 键 词：精神卫生 对比研究 儿童 农村人口 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R395.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]