云南纵向岭谷区道路网络对生态系统影响的阈值分析  

The influential threshold of road netowrk impacts on the ecosystem in londitudinal range-gorge region of Yunnan Provice,China

作　　者：郑钰[1] 李晓文[1] 崔保山[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第11期5823-5831,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2003CB415104);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U0833002)

摘　　要：云南纵向岭谷区由于受到人类活动,尤其是道路网络的影响,使得该地区生态系统退化日益严重。通过云南纵向岭谷区路网密度与生态系统转换(1980～2000年期间)的多尺度空间相关分析,研究了路网的对生态系统的影响及其阈值。研究结果表明,路网是导致有林地向疏林地、有林地向中覆盖度草地、灌木林地向疏林地转变的主要影响因子。路网导致有林地向疏林地转变的路网密度均值为0.8381～0.8800km/km2,导致有林地向中覆盖度草地转变的路网密度均值为0.6984～0.8124km/km2,导致灌木林地向疏林地转变的路网密度均值为1.2770～3.6426km/km2。随着尺度的增大,路网密度的变化不显著。路网影响阈值的研究,开始从定量的角度探索道路网络对生态系统的影响,对公路建设、规划和管理具有一定的理论和应用价值。Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region （LRGR） of YUN Nan Province is characterized with its complex mountain ecosystem and the globally important biodiversity. However, this unique mountain ecosystem is experiencing extensively increased degradation largely due to the human activities, especially the road network development and associated land-use changes. To analyze the ecological impacts of road network on the ecosystem in LRGR, the impact threshold of road network on the ecosystem in LRGR was quantitatively evaluated through spatial correlation between road network density and ecosystem （i. e. landcover types） transformation from 1980 --2000 at multi scales. The results showed that road network density functioned as the major anthropogenic factors to the transformations of some ecosystems. The transformation of forested land to sparse woodland was spatially correlated with overall road network density ranging from 0. 8381 --0. 8800 km/km^2. The road network density ranging from 0. 6984 --0. 8124 km/km^2 had triggered transformation of the ecosystem from forested land to medium-covered grassland. The transformation from brush land to sparse woodland can be driven by the road network density from 1. 2770 -3. 6426 km/km^2. In addition, the results revealed that those ecological threshold of road network density mostly occurred at the sites where the elevation ranged from 1500--2000m, the slope was below 10 degrees and the aspects were on south and southeast.

关 键 词：云南纵向岭谷区 道路网络 生态系统 阈值 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]