不同土地利用/覆被情景下生态系统减轻水库泥沙淤积的服务能力与经济价值模拟  

Evaluation on ecosystem service of avoided reservoir sedimentation and its economic value under different land use/cover scenarios

作　　者：吴楠[1,2,3] 高吉喜[1,4] 苏德毕力格[3] 罗遵兰[3] Driss Ennaanay Guillermo F.Mendoza 李岱青[3] 田美荣[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国环境科学研究院生态所,北京100012 [4]中华人民共和国环境保护部科技标准司,北京100035 [5]美国加州斯坦福大学伍兹环境研究所,美国加利福尼亚州943055020

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第11期5912-5922,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2007BAC16B02);UNEP/GEF长江流域自然保护与洪水控制资助项目(IMIS:GFL-2328-2740-4822;PMS:GF/3030-04-05-01);环保公益性行业科研专项(200709029)

摘　　要：以ArcGIS9.2为平台,构建了生态系统减轻水库泥沙淤积服务物质量和价值量评估模型。整合2000年的相关数据将此模型应用于二滩水库,并模拟了10种不同土地利用/覆被情景下集水区生态系统该项服务的能力和在水库使用年限内服务总价值的响应。结果表明:2000年,二滩水库集水区土壤保持量12.1亿.ta-1,高值区分布于雅砻江干流和支流水网附近。泥沙输移比在河道附近和水库周边较高。水库周边是最为主要的保沙区。水库使用年限内,集水区对于减轻二滩水库泥沙淤积服务总价值27.53亿元。集水区内不同结构类型的土地利用/覆被情景对保沙能力所产生的影响各异,模拟保沙量符合林地>草地>裸地>农田规律,农田保沙能力最弱,是二滩水库最为主要的产沙源。Based on the integrated Geographic Information System （GIS） software package, ArcGIS9.2, a model was established to simulate an ecosystem service of avoided-reservoir-sedimentation and its economic value. Relevant data of the year 2000 were used in Ertan reservoir by this model. The quantity of avoided-reservoir-sedimentation and the economic value of this ecosystem service for the reservoir＇s designed operating life（100a） were simulated under ten different land use/cover scenarios as well. The results showed that in 2000, the total quantity of soil retention in the watershed of this reservoir was 12.1 × 10^8t·a^-1. The region with higher soil retention was near the main and branch streams of the Yalong River; The sediment delivery ratio that was near to the stream and the Ertan reservoir was higher. The region with a higher quantity of sediment retention was around the reservoir; For the reservoir＇s designed operating life（ 100a）, the total value of the avoided Ertan reservoir sedimentation service in the watershed was 2.75 billion Yuan. The influence that different land use/cover scenarios＇ pattern had on the ability of sediment retention was different. The simulated results of sediment retention accorded with the regulation that was： forestland 〉 grassland 〉 wasteland 〉 farmland. The farmland＇s ability of sediment retention was the weakest. It was the most important source of sediment yield in the watershed of Ertan reservoir

关 键 词：减轻水库泥沙淤积 集水区 泥沙输移比 经济价值 二滩水库 土地利用/覆被情景 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]