不同土壤类型和纬度大豆田植物线虫分布特征  

Distribution of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Soybean Fields under Different Soil Type and Latitude

作　　者：潘凤娟[1,2] 许艳丽[1] 李春杰[1] 赵丹[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所作物生理生态实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院,黑龙江哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《大豆科学》2009年第5期869-874,共6页Soybean Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(kzcx2-yw-408)

摘　　要：大豆根围有多种植物线虫,有些为重要的植物病原线虫,可影响大豆的生长发育,甚至造成严重的经济损失。利用贝漫浅盘法收集我国9个省86块大豆田土壤线虫,分析不同土壤类型和纬度大豆根围植物线虫群体分布特征,以明确大豆田植物线虫群体结构和分布,为从线虫生态角度评价土壤健康状况、控制大豆根部病害和大豆根际微生态研究提供参考。结果表明:大豆根围植物线虫的群体分布与土壤类型有一定的关系,有机质丰富型土壤中植物线虫群体结构相对较丰富;贫瘠型土壤中植物线虫的种类和数量相对较少;纬度对其影响不明显。共鉴定出植物线虫13个属,丝尾垫刃属(Filenchus)、短体属(Pratylenchus)、垫刃属(Tylenchus)、螺旋属(Helicotylen-chus)、平滑垫刃属(Psilenchus)和茎线虫属(Ditylenchus)在黑龙江省大豆田首次发现。Several kinds of plant- parasitic nematodes survive in soybean rhizosphere, the growth of soybean was harmed and even significant economic damage was caused by some of them. The distribution of plant- parasitic nematodes in soybean fields under different soil type and latitude were investigated in this study, the objectives were to determine community structure and distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in soybean fields, to provide data for assessing the soil health, controlling the soybean root diseases and further study on soybean rhizosphere microbe ecosystem from nematode ecology field. Total of 86 soil samples was collected from 9 provinces in China, the nematodes were extracted by Baermann plates. The results showed that the distribution and the community structure of plant-parasitic nematodes were affected by soil type in soybean fields, the soil with higher organic matter had better plant-parasitic nematodes community structure than in the soil with lower organic matter. Community structure and distribution of plant- parasitic nematodes in soybean fields were lightly affected by latitude. Total of 13 genera were identified, Filertchus, Pratylenchu, Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Psilenchus and Ditylenchs were firstly detected in soybean field of Heilongjiang province.

关 键 词：大豆 植物线虫 土壤类型 纬度 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]