高水头水电站“三洞合一”布置的体型优化试验  

Experimental study on shape optimization of three-in-one diversion tunnel in high-head hydropower station

作　　者：李贵吉[1] 张建民[1] 许唯临[1] 王承恩[1] 周鸿汉[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院,四川成都610072

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2009年第5期54-60,共7页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目(2008108111);国家重点基础研究发展计算(973计划)(2007CB714105)

摘　　要：针对某水电站坝址河道狭窄现状,采用放空洞、旋流竖井泄洪洞与导流洞"三洞合一"技术优化枢纽布置。通过模型试验,分析旋流竖井泄洪洞泄流能力及相关水力特性,评价了结构尺寸设计的合理性。提出在放空洞连接段采用曲线型阶梯消能工的措施,通过试验得到了优化体型。研究表明,采用曲线型阶梯消能工后,连接段流态平稳,水流掺气充分,并且消能效果显著,在单宽流量为54.3 m3/(s.m)时阶梯段的消能率达到了43%。在洞内连接段布置阶梯消能工可有效改善枢纽布置。Because of the narrow river channel in a hydropower station dam site, the three-in-one technology, ! which combines an emptying tunnel, a flood discharge tunnel with a spiral flow shaft and a diversion tunnel, is used, through which the hydrojunction layout has been optimized. The discharge capacity and hydraulic characteristics of the flood discharge tnnnel with a spiral flow shaft were analyzed through a model test, and the rationality of the structural design was evaluated. The curvilinear stepped energy dissipator was used at the connecting section of the emptying tunnel. The optimization style was obtained. Results show that the flow at the connecting section is stationary and fully aerated and the energy dissipation has an obvious effect. The energy dissipation rate of the curvihnear stepped energy dissipator is about 43% when the unit discharge is 54.3 m^3/（s·m）. The stepped energy dissipator used at the connecting section in tunnel can improve the hydro-junction layout.

关 键 词：放空洞 旋流竖井 泄洪洞 导流洞 “三洞合一”技术 消能工 枢纽布置 

分 类 号：TV732[水利工程—水利水电工程]